INBREEDING

A SELECTION OF PEDIGREES, BOTH HISTORICAL AND CONJECTURAL, SHOWING SOME INCESTUOUS MATINGS OF THE THOROUGHBRED RACEHORSE

The Horse-Breeders' Handbook, by Joseph Osborne, volume 3, Introduction, page lxv, In-breeding, and a Few of its Results, says:

"In the foregoing brief sketch of the several channels through which the blood of Eclipse, Herod and Matchem has come to our time, I only incidentally touched upon the subject of in-breeding; but I consider I have, nevertheless, shown that most of the good horses in the olden times owed their excellence to close adherence to that system. The 'Stud Book' contains many instances of remarkably stout runners being bred from sire and dam so closely related as to be within what are known in the human family as 'the forbidden degrees of kindred' ; of which I may here relate two remarkable instances. In 1792, Mr. Cosens put Sister to Soldier by Eclipse, out of Miss Spindleshanks by Omar (son of The Godolphin), her dam by Starling and granddam by The Godolphin, to her half-brother Dungannon by Eclipse, out of Aspasia by Herod, with the result of breeding George, a winner of sixteen races, and the stoutest runner of his day ; and the following year Sister to Soldier was put to another of her half-brothers, Volunteer by Eclipse, out of The Old Tartar mare, when commodore, who had also a successful turf career, being a winner of four races, was the issue. Plenty of cases of a like kind are recorded in the olden time, but, in late years, there was no instance occurring until Major Yarburgh mated Voltaire by Blacklock, with his half-sister Belinda by Blacklock, when the result was Lollypop, the dam of Sweetmeat. Lately, Mr. Gosden has done the same, with a very happy result, when he put Rotherhill by Lord Clifden, out of Laura by Orlando, to his half-sister Last Link by Chevron, out of Laura, with the result of breeding Link Boy, who has shown no little racing ability ; while his two-year-old full sister, who is in training, but has not yet run, is a filly of very great promise. Mr. T. Townley Townley-Parker has, I am glad to notice, tried some experiments in the same way, but the youngsters so bred have not yet been put in training. Going so far may very possibly be going too far, but I consider the breeders of the present day - particularly those who breed for sale - are not so clever as their predecessors in mating their mares : they have lost sight of the necessity of in-breeding - i.e., keeping in the same family, of which Isonomy and Barcaldine are such notable instances. All the large establishments have their stallions, and it is in consequence of the 'necessary selection' not being exercised in respect to the mares put to them, that so many horses worthless for racing purposes are annually bred.
Breeding for the turf requires great perception, and when it has been most keenly exercised there have followed the best results. There is now something radically wrong in the way of working. In former times one out of every three horses bred could win a race ; now not one in twenty, which, even allowing liberally for the increase in the number bred, does not speak well for the judgement exercised by our present breeders.
General Peel, who had fifty years' experience breeding for the turf, wrote as follows :-'Formerly the proprietors of race-horses were the breeders of them. They had their own brood mares, their own paddocks; they carefully selected the sire that would suit each mare, and they kept the produce entirely for their own racing. At that time it was very difficult to purchase yearlings, now nine-tenths of the horses are bred for sale. When, some years ago, large prices were given (at sales by auction) for yearlings, the supply quickly followed the demand. Everybody took to breeding, and stud sales were organised all over the country. More horses are bred (there were nearly three thousand thoroughbred mares last season) and more bad ones, because all breeders for sale put all their mares to the stallion they purchase or hire, whether the cross is most suitable or not. This opinion is sustained by the fact that - although there are very few private, as compared with public breeders - almost all great stakes are won by horses bred privately".

Although incest is generally defined as inbreeding between parents and offspring or brothers and sisters, the term is here widened to include inbreeding between uncle and niece, aunt and nephew, and any stallion or mare with any of their descendants. The following pedigrees each contain at least one instance of inbreeding with one of the following notations - 1x4, 1x3, 1x2, 2x2 and 2x3.

See COEFFICIENT OF INBREEDING and REGISTER OF INBREEDING COEFFICIENTS

Charming Jenny=Spanker mare, dam of LEEDES
DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=DODSWORTH

Charming Jenny is inbred to Old Morocco Mare 2 x 1

See SPANKER MARE

HAUTBOY out of Lonsdale Arabian Mare by DARCY'S YELLOW TURK - conjecture
Darcy's Pet Mare by DARCY'S WHITE TURK out of Darcy's Grey Royal by DARCY'S YELLOW TURK - conjecture
Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare - conjecture
DARCY'S WHITE TURK by HELMSLEY TURK - conjecture
Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare out of Old Morocco Mare - conjecture
HELMSLEY TURK=FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB
DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=DODSWORTH

FOX is inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4 x 5) x (5 x 4), DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (5 x 4) x 4,
Old Morocco Mare (5 x 4) x 4 and Old Bald Peg 5 x (5 x 4)
CLUMSEY is inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2, Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare 3 x 2
and FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4)
HAUTBOY is inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK 2 x 3
Darcy's Pet Mare is inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK 2 x 3
Spanker mare is inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB 3 x 2 and Old Bald Peg 3 x 2

See FOX

Pedigree of Slaping Mare taken from Early Records of the Thoroughbred Horse, by C M Prior, The Duke of Ancaster's Stud Book, page 80.

MARLING=ANCASTER MERLIN
LISTER'S GREY TURK by BYERLEY'S TURK oo Brisk's dam - conjecture

Slaping Mare is inbred to MARLING 1 x 3
Somerset mare is inbred to PLACE'S WHITE TURK 2 x 3

Sachrissa=Large Hartley Mare
Hobby Mare oo Charming Jenny - conjecture

Countess is inbred to HARTLEY'S BLIND HORSE 1 x 3
Makeless mare is inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (3 x 3) x 4
MAKELESS is inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK 2 x 2
Blunderbuss Royal is inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK 3 x (3 x 4)
Old Grey Royal is inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK 2 x 3

SON OF JIGG by JIGG oo Grey Wilkes - conjecture
JIGG=SNAKE - conjecture
BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK - conjecture

See COEFFICIENT OF INBREEDING

OMAR is inbred to COKE'S ARABIAN=GODOLPHIN ARABIAN 1 x 3
Lath mare is inbred to Leedes Arabian mare 4 x 4 and LEEDES ARABIAN 5 x (5 x 5)
Brown Basto is inbred to LEEDES ARABIAN 4 x 4 and SPANKER (4 x 5) x 5

Pedigree of BLADEN'S GREY HORSE, back to Godolphin Arabian mare, taken from Heber's Racing Calender, volume X, 1760, page 149, in the list of stallions to cover in 1761. It is possible that this stallion is Mr Bladen's grey horse FROLICK, who last ran as a six year old in July 1760 and whose pedigree is given as by Godolphin Arabian out of a Crab mare. He may be half brother to Grey Beard, whose pedigree is recorded in Heber's Racing Calendar, volume XIII, 1763, page 100, as - "by Blank, Dam by Old Crab, Grand Dam by Hobgoblin, his Great Grand Dam by the Godolphin Arabian, and she was out of the Old White Neck M".

BLADEN'S GREY HORSE is inbred to GODOLPHIN ARABIAN 1 x 4
Crab mare is inbred to CURWEN'S BAY BARB (3 x 4) x 5, Curwen's Spot mare 4 x 5 and HAUTBOY 5 x 5
CRAB is inbred to CURWEN'S BAY BARB 2 x 3

BROWN BREAD is inbred to Maid of Ely 2 x 1, KING HEROD (4 x 4) x 3, REGULUS (5 x 5) x (4 x 5) and SNIP 5 x 5
OLD ENGLAND is inbred to KING HEROD 3 x 3, SNIP 4 x 5, REGULUS (5 x 4) x (4 x 5) and GODOLPHIN ARABIAN (5 x 5) x 5
Maid of Ely is inbred to GODOLPHIN ARABIAN 4 x (5 x 5), PARTNER 4 x 5 and CHILDERS 5 x 5
TANDEM is inbred to Snake mare 3 x 4

Amorett=Little Hartley Mare

Brown Russet is inbred to HIGHFLYER 2 x 2, Papillon 2 x 2, REGULUS (5 x 4) x (5 x 4) and GODOLPHIN ARABIAN (5 x 5) x (5 x 5)
SIR PETER TEAZLE is inbred to REGULUS 4 x 3, GODOLPHIN ARABIAN (4 x 5) x 4, CHILDERS 5 x 4, FOX 5 x 4, Curwen's Bay Barb mare 5 x 5
and BLEEDING CHILDERS 5 x 5
Brown Bess is inbred to REGULUS 4 x 3, GODOLPHIN ARABIAN (4 x 5) x 4, CHILDERS 5 x 4, FOX 5 x 4, Curwen's Bay Barb mare 5 x 5
and BLEEDING CHILDERS 5 x 5

Spot filly is inbred to PIPATOR 2 x 2, Young Marske mare 2 x 3, SQUIRREL 4 x (4 x 5) and KING HEROD 5 x (5 x 5)
SPOT is inbred to CADE 5 x 4 and GODOLPHIN ARABIAN 5 x (5 x 5)
Spitfire is inbred to SQUIRREL 3 x 4, KING HEROD 4 x 4, MARSKE 5 x 4 and CADE 5 x 5

Amorett=Little Hartley Mare

GARRY OWEN is inbred to Smallhopes 2 x 2, BLANK (4 x 4) x 4, Fox mare 5 x (4 x 5), Cypron 5 x 4, GODOLPHIN ARABIAN (5 x 5 x 5) x (5 x 5)
and SNIP 5 x (5 x 5)
DASH is inbred to BLANK 3 x 3, GODOLPHIN ARABIAN (5 x 4 x 5) x (4 x 4), ANCASTER STARLING 4 x 5 and PARTNER 5 x 5
Bonny Lass is inbred to Fox mare 3 x 4, SNIP 4 x 4, FOX (5 x 4) x 5, PARTNER (4 x 5) x 5 and CHILDERS (5 x 5) x 5
Smallhopes is inbred to GODOLPHIN ARABIAN 3 x 3

Pedigree of Commodore filly taken from Hunter's Irish Racing Calendar, volume 24, 1813, page 217.

Amorett=Little Hartley Mare

Commodore filly is inbred to COMMODORE 1 x 3 and TUGG 2 x (3 x 4)
COMMODORE is inbred to Fox mare 3 x 4, SNIP 4 x 4, FOX (5 x 4) x 5, PARTNER (4 x 5) x 5 and CHILDERS (5 x 5) x 5
Kitty is inbred to TUGG 2 x 3 and KING HEROD 3 x (4 x 5)
Smallhopes is inbred to GODOLPHIN ARABIAN 3 x 3

Amorett=Little Hartley Mare

Nancy is inbred to YOUNG BOUDROW 1 x 2 and ECLIPSE 3 x (4 x 4)
YOUNG BOUDROW is inbred to Grey Robinson 5 x 4, GODOLPHIN ARABIAN 5 x (5 x 5 x 4 x 4), BARTLET'S CHILDERS 5 x 5,
PARTNER 5 x 5 and Snake mare 5 x 5
Young Boudrow mare inbred to ECLIPSE 3 x 3, TARTAR 5 x 5 and Miss Slamerkin 5 x 5
Sweeper mare is inbred to MOGUL 3 x 3
DUX is inbred to GODOLPHIN ARABIAN 3 x 3
Folly is inbred to GODOLPHIN ARABIAN 2 x 2

CEDRIC is inbred to WALTON 2 x 2, HIGHFLYER 4 x (4 x 4), KING HEROD (5 x 5) x (5 x 5), ECLIPSE (5 x 5) x 5, Virago (5 x 5) x 5
and MATCH'EM 5 x 5
PHANTOM is inbred to ECLIPSE 4 x 4, Virago 4 x 4, KING HEROD (4 x 5) x (4 x 5) and SNAP (4 x 5) x 5,
Walton mare is inbred to HIGHFLYER 3 x 3, KING HEROD (4 x 5) x 4, SNAP (4 x 5) x 5 and BLANK 5 x (5 x 5)
Trumpator mare is inbred to SQUIRREL 3 x 3

HIGH TIME is inbred to DOMINO (3 x 3) x 2
ULTIMUS is inbred to DOMINO 2 x 2
Noonday is inbred to STOCKWELL 5 x 4 and ORLANDO 5 x 5
DOMINO is inbred to LEXINGTON 3 x (4 x 4)
Dancing Water inbred to STOCKWELL 3 x 3

Panic Girl is inbred to FARMER JIM 1 x 2 and Miss Breeze 2 x (3 x 3)
FARMER JIM is inbred to Bourbon Belle 3 x 5, BONNIE SCOTLAND 4 x 4 and LEXINGTON 5 x (4 x 5 x 5)
Hildagene is inbred to Miss Breeze 2 x 2 and BONNIE SCOTLAND (5 x 5) x 5
Miss Breeze is inbred to LEXINGTON (5 x 3) x (4 x 4)
HANOVER is inbred to VANDAL 3 x 3

BEN B is inbred to JUST DAVID 2 x 3
White Doll is inbred to A M WHITE 1 x 3

Double T is inbred to DOUBLE CALL 1 x 2 and HONEYWOOD 4 x (5 x 5)
DOUBLE CALL is inbred to COMMANDO 4 x 4 and DOMINO (5 x 5 x 4) x 5
Miss Double is inbred to HONEYWOOD 4 x 4
HIGH TIME is inbred to DOMINO (3 x 3) x 2
Sunlight is inbred to MEDDLER 2 x 3

Lady Violet is inbred to Aunt Bess 2 x 2, SIR VICTOR 4 x (3 x 4) and KENILWORTH (4 x 5) x (4 x 4 x 5)
Glen Queen is inbred to SIR VICTOR 2 x 3, KENILWORTH 3 x (3 x 4) and CLIEVEDEN 4 x 5
Aunt Bess is inbred to KENILWORTH 2 x 3

Sweet Rosie is inbred to GLEN ALLEN 3 x 2, SIR VICTOR (4 x 4) x (3 x 4), DR WINTRINGHAM 4 x 3, Belle Farrow (5 x 5) x 4 and
KENILWORTH (5 x 5 x 5 x 5) x (4 x 4 x 5)
LITTLE BEAUT is inbred to SIR VICTOR 3 x 3, Belle Farrow 4 x 4, KENILWORTH 4 x (4 x 4 x 4) and ELSIN 4 x (4 x 5)
Rosie Lass is inbred to SIR VICTOR 2 x 3, KENILWORTH 3 x (3 x 4) and CLIEVEDEN 4 x 5
Flight Queen is inbred to KENILWORTH 3 x (3 x 3)

DIAMOND DRIP is inbred to MY DOCTOR 1 x 2
Little Drip is inbred to Shifty 2 x 2

ALVA A is inbred to Willshecall 2 x 1
Willshecall is inbred to DOUBLE CALL 1 x 2 and HONEYWOOD 4 x (5 x 5)

Miss Yam is inbred to GREEN FLASH 2 x (2 x 3) and SWEEP (5 x 4) x 5
YAM CAPITAL is inbred to SWEEP 4 x 3 and POLYMELUS 5 x 5
Sadie's Flash is inbred to GREEN FLASH 1 x 2

GRIP'S MATCH is inbred to Jane's Chance 2 x 1
Jane's Chance is inbred to Chance Shadow 3 x 1 and RADIUM 5 x 4

T'S BARKER BOY is inbred to FRIAR DOLAN 3 x (4 x 5) and BROOMSTICK 5 x 5
Wyoming Maid is inbred to DOOR BOY 1 x 2 and BEN BRUSH 5 x 5
Reno Honey is inbred to BEN BRUSH 3 x 3

Gazonka is inbred to VAMPIR 2 x 2 and PRESS GANG 3 x 3
ZVONKIY is inbred to POLYMELUS 5 x 4
Glorvina is inbred to POLYMELUS 5 x 4
Gitara is inbred to Glory 3 x 2

A Call Insight is inbred to CALL BUFF 1 x 2 and BULL DOG 5 x (5 x 5)
The Doge's Insight is inbred to BULL DOG 5 x (4 x 4)
The Doges Joy is inbred to BULL DOG 3 x 3 and My Auntie 3 x 3

NOTE: The Doge's Insight was covered by her sire as a yearling.

Like Granny is inbred to NEEDLES 1 x 3
Misfesto is inbred to BLENHEIM 5 x 5, POMPEY 5 x 5 and SUPREMUS 5 x 5
MANIFESTO is inbred to PHAROS 4 x 4 and PHALARIS 5 x (5 x 4)

PRINCE ASTERION is inbred to LITTLE TITAN 2 x 2, Cythera 3 x (3 x 3), ON TRUST 3 x 5 and HYPERION (4 x 5) x (4 x 4)
CENTURION TRUST is inbred to HYPERION 3 x 4 and MAN O'WAR 5 x 5
Princess Asteria is inbred to Cythera 2 x 2

HIS WAY is inbred to OUT OF THE WAY 1 x 2, HYPERION (4 x 4) x (5 x 5 x 5), MAN O'WAR 4 x (5 x 5) and Drift 5 x 5
OUT OF THE WAY is inbred to HYPERION 3 x 3
Hyperion Fantasy is inbred to HYPERION (4 x 4) x 4, MAN O'WAR 4 x 4 and Drift 5 x 4
MAMBORETA is inbred to FAIRWAY 3 x 3
Way Out is inbred to ROCK SAND 4 x (4 x 4)
War Kilt is inbred to Fairy Gold 3 x 3 and ROCK SAND 3 x 3

DAVID'S WAY is inbred to OUT OF THE WAY 2 x 2, Helios Lin 2 x 2, HYPERION (5 x 5 x 5) x (5 x 5 x 5) and MAN O'WAR (5 x 5) x (5 x 5)
MATTHEWS WAY is inbred to HYPERION (4 x 4) x 4, MAN O'WAR 4 x 4 and Drift 5 x 4
Hyperion Fantasy is inbred to HYPERION (4 x 4) x 4, MAN O'WAR 4 x 4 and Drift 5 x 4
OUT OF THE WAY is inbred to HYPERION 3 x 3
MAMBORETA is inbred to FAIRWAY 3 x 3

Winloc's Millie is inbred to MR PROSPECTOR 1 x 2, NATIVE DANCER 3 x (4 x 5), NEARCO 5 x 5 and UNBREAKABLE 5 x 5
MR PROSPECTOR is inbred to TEDDY 4 x 5
Our Millie is inbred to NATIVE DANCER 3 x 4, NEARCO 5 x 4 and UNBREAKABLE 5 x 4

Sapphire Bracelet is inbred to SADLER'S WELLS 1 x 4
SADLER'S WELLS is inbred to HYPERION 4 x 5

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