Wyvill Mares

Probably the Wyvell Roan [Mare] "In the Parke" at the Duke of Devonshire's Chatsworth, painted by Pieter Tillemans (1684-1734) about 1725.
See the list of the Duke of Devonshire's horses at Chatsworth, 20 Jun 1729 (C M Prior, The Royal Studs of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, 1935; p 123-4)

The Duke's Wyvell Roan Mare, mentioned also in the 1729 inventory as dam of a 4 year old gelding by Dimple, is of interest because of her potential identification as the full sister of Childers's dam mentioned in a pedigree for Golden Lockes found in the Petworth House Archive. For the evidence suggesting this identification, please see the discussion below of Sir Christopher Wyvill's "famous Running Roan Mare."

The "Flying" or "Devonshire" Childers was one of the most pre-eminent early Thoroughbred stallions. He was bred by Leonard Childers, and purchased by William Cavendish (1673-1729), the 2nd Duke of Devonshire. Following his career on the turf, Childers spent the remainder of his life in the Duke's stud at Chatsworth. His full brother Bartlet's Childers was also an important stallion, and, in fact, is the horse through whom the Darley Arabian's male line survives in today's Thoroughbred.

In a pedigree recorded by Mr Cuthbert Routh sometime before the spring of 1737, the great grandam of Childers was described as "a famous roan mare of Sr Mar: Wyvill's." This pedigree differs from that given in the latest edition of Volume 1 of the General Stud Book (1891) where the dam of Childers, Betty Leedes, by Careless, is shown as produce of LEEDES ARABIAN MARE (sister to Leedes, sometimes called Cream Cheeks), her dam by Spanker, out of The Old Morocco mare (Spanker's own dam). Whether or not these are simply variant names for the same mares has been debated.

The GSB pedigree ultimately derives from a pedigree included in the print Cheny published 21 June 1740, so both these pedigrees were collected while Childers was still alive: "...bred by Leonard Childers, Esqr of Yorkshire, got by ye Darley Arabian. Childers’s Dam was call’d Betty Leedes, she being the daughter of a sister to Leeds. She was got by ye late Marquess of Wharton’s Careless, commonly call’d Old Careless, wch was got by Spanker, a son of the Darcy Yellow Turk Childers’s Grand Dam was got by the Leeds Arabian, Sir of Leeds, His great Grand Dam was got by Spanker. His great Grand Dam, which was also the Dam of Spanker, was a Natural Barb Mare.

Mr Prior (C M Prior, in The Royal Studs Of The Sixteenth And Seventeenth Centuries, 1935) was of the opinion "That a mare of this name should be in the Chatsworth stud with Childers, must be more than a coincidence. It seems reasonable to suppose that when the Duke discovered the merit of Childers, he bought one of the 'famous roan mare's' family from Sir Marmaduke Wyvill to obtain the blood for his stud...." He also believed that "as Mr Routh was a relative, and very near neighbour, of Sir M Wyvill's (Snape being close to Burton Constable, the seat of the Wyvill family), himself a celebrated breeder, and as his version of the pedigree was written down in the lifetime of Childers, it may be taken as correct" (C M Prior, Early Records of the Thoroughbred Horse, 1924; p28).

Returning to the identification of the mare in the Tillemans' painting above, if correct, the fact that her hindquarters are heavily flecked with white suggests that it was her "cheeks" which were most notably roan or cream.

A glimpse of 17th century bloodlines through surviving Wyvill pedigrees.

Original records of Lords Godolphin and Rockingham as well as numerous newspaper advertisements, all unknown to GSB, enable the reconstruction of several of the mare lines in use by Sir Marmaduke Wyvill.

Sir Christopher Wyvill, 3rd Bart (1614-1681).

The earliest Wyvill thought to have been associated with the breeding of running horses is Sir Christopher Wyvill. He is referred to by Cheny (1743 annual, etc) as the Master of the Horse [sic] to King Charles II, and in an ad under the authority of Daniel Corker (sometime "Stud-keeper to his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland") as Master of the Horse to Oliver Cromwell. Neither of these statements has been confirmed from other records.

Cheny 1743
King Charles the Second sent abroad, the Master of the Horse (which some say was a late Sir Christopher Wyvil ; others, the late Sir John Fenwick) in order to procure a Number of Foreign High-bred Horses and Mares for Breeding ; and the Mares, thus procured by the said King's Interest, and brought to England (as also many of their Offspring) have, for that Reason, been called Royal Mares ; one of which was the Dam of Hautboy.

York Courant. Tuesday, March 13, 1753. Numb. 1430.
To LEAP this Season,
At Mr John Harrison's, the Gallows House, near York,
At one Guinea a Mare, and a Shilling the Man,
THE Bay Horse called RAMPER.
He was got by old Crab; his Dam by Counsellor, that got Thunderbolt; his Grandam, by Mr Hutton's Coney-Skins (this was not the Rutland Horse of that Name): This Horse was full Brother to the Duke of Kingston's Brisk, that carried the Whip at Newmarket, and half Brother to old Snake, they being all three got by the Lister Stradling Turk.
RAMPER's Great Grandam was got by Mr Hutton's White Barb, which was purchased by Mr Marshall, the Royal Stud-Master, and brought to England with Chilliby, Slugy, and Moony; his Great Great Grandam was the Mare called Lucky-Sides, she was bred by the Wyvill Family, and said to be Sir Christopher's, Master of the Horse to Oliver Cromwell.
RAMPER won the Five-year old Plates at Nottingham and Oxford, displaced his Sinew in running for the Six-year old Plate at Stamford, and won several Fifties when an aged Horse with twelve Stone upon his Back, with a large and crooked Sinew; and likewise an extraordinary Match at Newmarket against Mr Croft's Ugly, wherein Ramper gave ten Pound.
RAMPER is judged, from his fine Size, Purity of Blood, and exceeding Beauty, to b e one of the finest Horses in the Kingdom.
This Son of Crab is free from Bone-Spavins or any material Blemish whatsoever; whereas Bone-Spavins may justly be objected against in a Stallion, as they have been too often of bad Consequence in Breeding.
As there are flowing in RAMPER's Veins a more extraordinary Collection of foreign Blood than most publick Stallions can have in them, I hope it will not be looked upon needless to give a Sketch of the Arabs, Turks, and Barbs that Ramper sprung from: There is in him, that of the Alcock Arabian, the Byerly Turk, of the Arabian that got Leeds, of the Darcy Yellow Turk, of the Curwen Bay Barb, of the Sellerby Turk, and of the white-legg'd Lowther Barb, Moreover, that of the Shaftesbury Turk and of the Lister Stradling Turk, with the Hutton White Barb. If there is a just Reason to believe that any one of these foreign Horses were bad, than there is an utmost Flaw in Ramper's Blood. / DANIEL CORKER.
Good Grass for Mares, and proper Care.

Only one specific mare, "the famous Running Roan Mare," can be linked to Sir Christopher. She was, according to the "Studd Book" referred to by Mr Edward Leedes (presumably acquired along with the ancient Leedes Stud at North Milford), the matrilineal ancestor of Blaze.

York Courant. Tuesday, March 12, 1744.
THere is now in the Hands of John Luck, and Joseph Smith of Beverley, in the County of York, the noted Horse Blaze, bred by Mr Panton, and got by the Duke of Devonshire's Childers, out of the Confederate Filly; she was got by Grantham, her Dam by the late Duke of Rutland's Black Barbe, and out of a Mare call'd Bright's Roan; Bright's Roan was bred by Mr Leedes, and got by his Turk, which got Bay Leeds, her Dam by Willoughby, her Grandam was a Daughter of the famous Running Roan Mare of Sir Christopher Wevell's, got by Dodsworth; will cover Mares this Season at One Guinea and a half a Mare, and One Shilling to the Servant; with good Grass for Mares at reasonable Rates.
N B The abovesaid Horse, Blaze, is very healthful, free from all Natural Blemishes, full fifteen Hands high, and is allow'd to be a very fine and well proportion'd Horse; he is full Master of twelve Stone; he won at Newmarket the 700 l Stakes, a 300 l Match and a King's Plate; also he won the King's Plate at Winchester, and the King's Plate at Lewis, and was allowed to be the best Horse of his Year, as he prov'd himself by Running when seven Years old; he won the 40 l at Epsom, the 50 l at Guilford, the 50 l at Reading, the 50 l at Oxford, and the 50 l at Chipping Norton.
Whereas the Pedigree of the abovemention'd Roan Mare was omitted in former Advertisements, I do hereby certify, that the above Pedigree of the Roan Mare is true, according to the Studd Book, as Witness my Hand the 9th of Jan. 1744. / EDWARD LEEDES.

It is possible that she was also the ancestress of the famous Childers's (Flying or Devonshire and Ovington's or Bartlet's) since Mr Cuthbert Routh recorded a pedigree (C M Prior, Early Records of the Thoroughbred Horse, 1924; p 28) for Childers identifying his great grandam as "a famous roan mare of Sir Marmaduke Wyvill's)

"Childers was gott by Darle's Arabian, his dm by Careless, his gd dam by Leedes' Arabian, and out of a famous roan mare of Sr Mar: Wvill's Carless was gott by Spankr.

The Duke of Devonshire appears to have owned a sister to the dam of his Childers.

A Brown Mare Camilla was foaled the 8 of April 1767. She was got by Snap her Dam by Babraham, her Grandam by Achilles, her G. Grandam by Goldenlock out of Colonel Howards Chesnut Mare who won the King's Plate at Newmarket in 1728 from eleven others. Colonel Howards mare was got by Sir Wm Stricklands Black Arabian out of the dam of the Carlisle Gelding. Achilles was got by full brother to the Duke of Boltons Fearnought, his dam by Diamond out of a Natural Barb Mare. Diamond was got by Jews Trump son of Ld Dearcys Chesnut Arabian out of the daughter of the Bay Barb. Golden Locks was got by a son of the Bay Barb, bred by the Duke of Devonshire out of a full sister of Childers's Dam, Golden Locks Dam was got by the Thoulouse Barb, and his Grand Dam was the Dam of Brockels Betty. [West Sussex Record Office: Petworth House Archives (Reference: PHA/5041; Details of horses in Petworth stud. Creation dates: 1773-1774)]

This mare may well have been included in the inventory taken of the 3rd Duke of Devonshire's horses at Chatsworth, 20 June 1729 (C M Prior, The Royal Studs of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, 1935; p 124) as "Wyvell Roan" "in the Parke."

In the fine painting of mares in a pasture at Chatsworth by Tillemans from, it is thought, the mid-1720's, one of the mares in the foreground is a bay mare with white hairs in her rump & stifle. It is tempting to identify her as the Wyvell Roan of the 1729 inventory.

Sir Marmaduke Wyvill, 6th Bart (1692-1754).

Sir Marmaduke's history as proprietor and breeder of running horses can be documented starting in 1722 with an entry in the Newmarket Match Book for Mr Wyvill's bay galloway running there on October 13th. Sir Marmaduke continued to race one or more horses every year until 1753. His studs in England and Ireland were dispersed in 1754 after his death. Sir Marmaduke's winners were:

(1) Golden Dun, a dun mare foaled in 1717; she won a 40 l plate for 6 yo at York, 14 Aug 1723. Sir Marmaduke thought highly enough of her to have run her for the Gold Cup for 5 yo mares at Newmarket, 9 Apr 1723, and for the King's Plate for 6 yo at Newmarket, in April 1724. See below for pedigree & produce.

(2) Ball, a chesnut horse won a purse & 20gs at York, in August 1726; probably the same as the chesnut horse Bald Face which ran for the Gold Cup for 5 yo at York, 4 days earlier. No further record.

(3) Mushroom, a bay mare, started at least 6 times, winning 120gs for 5 yo at Richmond in 1728 and a 40 l Plate at York in 1728. She also ran 2nd (of 5) for 50gs for 5 yo at Midlam, in April 1727, 2nd (of 24) for the King's Plate for 5 yo mares at Hambleton in August 1727, and 2nd (of 10) for the Ladies Plate of 90 l at Lincoln in October 1728. No further record.

(4) Scarborough Colt, 1724 bl h, is known to have started 7 times, winning 120gs for 5 yo at Richmond in 1729. He also ran 2nd in two King's Plates for 6 yo, at York & Lincoln in 1730. The Scarborough Colt was identified as a son of Tifter in Cheny's annual for 1729, and in 1741 Cheny gave his pedigree as "out of the old Scarborough Mare, and Tifter." He became a stallion for Sir Marmaduke and his name is frequently found in Wyvill pedigrees along with that of Belgrade 2d, a grandson of the old Scarborough Mare.

(5) Shrimp, 1734 b h: he ran 3 or 4 times, winning 20 l for 5 yo at New Malton in 1739. His sire was noted as Belgrade 2d in certificates given by Sir Marmaduke for several different horses and quoted in Irish ads; an ad for Creeper in 1760 says that Shrimp was an own brother to Creeper. No further information.

(6) Volunteer, a 1735 bay horse started at least 11 times 1741-1743, running in both England & Ireland. He won the King's Plate for 6 yo at Newmarket in April 1742, then 50 l at Epsom in May, 50gs at Guildford, and 50 l at at Nottingham, before being distanced for the King's Plate at the Curragh of Kildare, 2 months later. In April 1743, he won 60 l at the Curragh of Kildare. His pedigree was given in Cheny 1741 as "out of a Daughter to Young Childers, and Sir Marmaduke’s Bay Stallion, which was out of a Daughter of the Scarborough Mare, & a Turk bought at Belgrade." As Sir Edward O'Brien's, Volunteer won a King's Plate at the Curragh in Sep 1744, and was lam'd running there in Sep 1745. Pick (Turf Register, vol. 1, 1803; p 129) says that Volunteer won several plates in Ireland, afterwards becoming the property of Sir Edward O'Brien, Bart, in whose possession he was accidentally killed.

(7) Sportsman, a 1736 b h, started at least 12 times, winning a 50 l Subscription for 5 yo at Newcastle upon Tyne, in June 1741, 50 l for 5 yo at Wakefield in Sep 1741, 50 l for 6 yo at Stockton and another at Morpeth, in September 1742, and 50 l at Doncaster in June 1743. He also started for the Kings' Plates at York, Aug 1742, at Nottingham in Jul 1742, and at Newmarket, Apr 1743. Cheny in 1743 gave his pedigree as "Sportsman was out of the Garnet Mare of Sir Marmaduke's and got by his Stallion call'd the Scarborough Colt, which was out of the Old Scarborough Mare and Tifter, Son of the Thoulouse Barb." He was advertised to cover mares in Ireland in 1747, 1748, and 1751.

(8) Bashaw (later the Duke of Beaufort's Standard) a 1736 b h, started at least 3 times as Sir Marmaduke's, winning 50 l for 5 yo at Lincoln in Sep 1741, and 62gs for 5 yo at Newmarket in Apr 1742. By May 1742 he was owned by the Duke of Beaufort, now called Standard, and won 60gs for 6 yo at Epsom. His pedigree was given by Cheny in 1742 as "bred by [Sir Marmaduke], out of a Daughter of Tifter and his stallion called Young Belgrade." His pedigree given by Pond in 1754 was

Old Standard, Sire of Jason and Figure. He was got by Belgrade the second, his Dam by old Tifter, his Grandam by Snake, his Great Grandam by Pooley Diamond, his Great Great Grandam by old Hautboy, out of a mare that Sir Jonathan Jennings had from the late Lord Darcey's Stud, at Sedbury, Yorkshire, thought to be as high a bred Mare as any in England. Belgrade the second was got by the Belgrade Turk, out of a Daughter of Bay Bolton, her Dam by Sir Marmaduke Wyvill's famous old Scarborough Mare, that beat the Duke of Rutland's Bonny Black at Newmarket for the Gold Cup. This Horse was Sire of Volunteer; old Tifter, was Son of the Thoulouse Barb, out of young Cream Cheeks, which was full Sister in Blood to Leeds's. Snake was the best-bred Son of the Lister Turk that got Brisk.

Standard has not so far been found to have been advertised to the public, but was evidently used as a stallion by the Duke of Beaufort.

(9) Garnet, a 1738 b h, started at least 6 times for Sir Marmaduke, 1742-1744, winning 50 l for 4 yo at Stockton & another at Morpeth, in Sep 1742, also 50 l for 5 yo & up at Warwick, in Sep 1743. His pedigree was given by Cheny as "Garnet was bred by Sir Marmaduke Wyvill, out of a Mare call'd Garnet, and got by Belgrade the Second [also given as Young Belgrade], Sire of Volunteer, Bashaw, &c." No further information.

(10) Cloth-Carrier, a bay gelding foaled 1737 or earlier, started at least 6 times 1743-1747 for Sir Marmaduke, at both the Curragh of Kildare, & in 1745 in England (Newmarket & Lincoln). He won 50 l at the Curragh in April 1747. He was noted by Cheny in 1746, and in a certificate given by Sir Marmaduke for Creeper, to have been sired by Belgrade 2d. No further information.

(11) Primate, a black horse foaled in 1740, raced for Sir Marmaduke, 1745-1753, and was probably his most successful runner. He started at least 14 times for Sir Marmaduke, and won the King's Plate for 6 yo at York, in Aug 1746, the King's Plate at the Curragh of Kildare in September 1747, an annual 60 l Plate at the Curragh in April and the King's Plate there in Sep 1748, as well as the King's Plate there in Sep 1751. He was mentioned by name in the dispersal ads for Sir Marmaduke's stud in 1754. He was listed in an ad in the Dublin Journal from April 1758, among the stock to be sold belonging the late Bishop of Clogher. He was advertised later that year in the Universal Advertiser (Dublin) to stand at Belturbet. Cheny & Heber both gave the sire of Primate as Belgrade 2d. A confusing reference in Johnson's continuation of Pick's Turf Register (vol. iii, 1822; p 182) says

Johnson, Turf Register, iii, 1822; p 182
BLACK-A-TOP, (Sire of the grandam of ALICROKER) a Black Horse, foaled about the year 1739, was bred by Sir MARMADUKE WYVILL, Bart.--He was brother to Private [sic], (vol I, p 84 [Primate]) by Young Belgrade; his dam by Young Greyhound; grandam by Lord D’Arcy’s Woodcock--Hobler--Brimmer,--Mr Place’s White Turk, out of a noted Black a-Top Mare, which was bred at Constable-Burton. He never raced, but was a Stallion in Sir MARMADUKE WYVILL’s Stud where he died.

A Black-a-Top "foaled about the year 1739" has not been found in contemporary records; the Black-a-Top in the Alicroker pedigree appears to have been Ascough's Blackatop advertised in the Newcastle Courant in 1726 as a Son of Mr Pullen's Chesnut Arabian, out of Sir Marmaduke Wyvill's old Blackatop. He was advertised, along with his son Jervaulx (or Ascough's) Castaway; Castaway's dam was given as "by Howboy; his Grand-Mother by Briner; his great Grand-Mother by White-Lowdon; his great great Grand Mother was the famous Falconbridge's Mare." In the absence of an contemporary ad giving a pedigree for Primate, there must remain some uncertainty about his dam.

(12) Chip-in-Pottage (Chip), a brown or bay horse foaled in 1741, raced for Sir Marmaduke, 1746-1748, starting at least 6 times in England and Ireland, winning (according to a certificate of Sir Marmaduke’s) the Noblemens & Gentlemens Contribution Purse at Richmond when 5 yo & the King's Plate at Leith when 6 yo; he also won a 20 l Plate at Trim in July 1748. Cheny gave his sire as the Scarborough Colt. Chip was advertised as a stallion 1750-1761 in Ireland, with his pedigree given as "out of Volunteer's Dam, and got by the Horse called Scarborough Colt…" with reference to the certificate of Chip's pedigree given by Sir Marmaduke, when the horse was sold to Lord Antrim.

(13) Bumper, a chesnut horse foaled in 1742 or 1743 won 50gs for Sir Marmaduke at the Curragh of Kildare in September 1748. The Dublin Journal stated that Bumper was bred by Dominick Brown, Esq; Bumper raced a second time for Sir Marmaduke in 1752 in a race for Irish-bred horses. In 1753 he was advertised in the Dublin Journal as bred by Dominick Brown, Esq; of Brassy and by him "certified to have been got by Young Hobgoblin, his Dam by Spot, which formerly belonged to the Marquis of Carmarthen, out of a full Sister to the famous Creeping Molly, which was bred by Sir Miles [sic] Wharton; Young Hobgoblin was bred by Sir John Dutton, and out of his Violante Mare."

(14) Antelope a brown horse foaled in 1746, ran for Sir Marmaduke in 1752 and 1753, winning 50 l at New Malton in June 1752, the Ladies Purse of 90gs at Huntington in July 1753 and 50 l at Bedford in August 1753. In his 1752 annual, Heber said Antelope was got by the Scarborough Colt; while Pond gave his pedigree as "got by Belgrade & his dam by the Scarborough Colt." In 1753, Heber listed Antelope as a winner got by Belgrade, and gave his pedigree as "got by Belgrade, his Dam by the Scarborough Colt." In 1754 Antelope was listed by name as one of the horses to be sold as part of the Stud of the late Sir Marmaduke Wyvill; an item in the Dublin Journal of 11-14 May 1754, noted his sale to the Rt Hon the Marquis of Hartington for 250gs. He raced that year for the Marquis, and in 1755 for the Earl of Antrim. Although no stallion ads have been found for Antelope, he is noted in the calendars as sire of Spanker (out of Ld Leigh's Charming Molly). Pick (Turf Register, i, 1803; p 129) says that after his sale to the Earl of Antrim, Antelope became a favourite stallion in Ireland.

Mares & their families

1. Sir Christopher Wyvill's "famous Running Roan Mare."
She is the earliest now known mare in the maternal line of Blaze, his brother & sister: their dam, the Confederate Filly (1717) got by Grantham; Duke of Rutland's Black Barb; Bright's Roan, bred by Mr Leeds, & got by his Turk, sire of Bay Leeds; Willoughby; Dodsworth - the famous Running Roan Mare of Sir Christopher Wevell's.
NOTE: the Willoughby - Dodsworth crosses may be reversed; compare with the pedigree of Dyer's Dimple. The Willoughby Barb probably predates Dodsworth, since there are several mares with Willoughby in their names noted 1655-1659 in the Pelham Stud papers (J B Muir, Frampton and the Dragon, 1895); the Willoughby Barb was also mated to a mare taken from Bolton Castle (Lord Scrope's) by the "rebellious soldiers" in the "Time of the Grand Rebellion" (Lord Rockingham's collection of pedigrees & breeders certificates; Sheffield Archives, WWM/R193/64). Bolton Castle fell in 1645, the besieged said to have eaten all their horses before it was surrendered.

Descendants:
+ Blaze (1733) by the Devonshire Childers; Confederate Filly, by Grantham; Duke of Rutland's Black Barb; Bright's Roan, bred by Mr Leeds, & got by his Turk, sire of Bay Leeds; Willoughby; Dodsworth - the famous Running Roan Mare of Sir Christopher Wevell's. [York Courant. Tuesday, March 12, 1744; Whereas the Pedigree of the abovemention'd Roan Mare was omitted in former Advertisements, I do hereby certify, that the above Pedigree of the Roan Mare is true, according to the Studd Book, as Witness my Hand the 9th of Jan. 1744. / EDWARD LEEDES.]
+ sister to Blaze (1730) maternal ancestress of family 61 (now believed to be extinct)

Other possible descendants:
+ Sir Marmaduke Wyvill's "famous roan mare," grandam, according to Mr Routh, of Childers, by the Darley Arabian; dam by Careless (son of Spanker). By dates (Childers foaled 1714) this Sir Marmaduke must have been the 5th Baronet (ca 1666-1722).
+ The Duke of Devonshire's Wyvell Roan "in the Parke" in 1729, probably his mare identified as a sister to the dam of Childers
+ Dyer's Dimple (perhaps foaled about 1700) got by the Sire of Leeds; Spanker; Dodsworth - a Willobough Barb mare; his dam was said by Pick to have been called "Old Sophonisba."
+ Mr Robert Leedes' roan mare Sophonisba, raced in 1717

2. A Burton Black-a-top Mare.
Earliest now known mare in the maternal line of "sister to Comet's dam" bred by Sir Ralph Milbank, got by Young Greyhound; Ld Darcy's Woodcock; Hobler; Brimmer; Place's White Turk - a noted Burton Black-a-Top Mare.
She was dam of -
?1740 bl h Primate, by Young Belgrade … Sir Mar: Wyvill
~1744 b h by Young Belgrade … Sir Mar: Wyvill

See above for Primate. Evidence for the sister to Comet's dam other known produce comes from an ad in Heber 1756:

To be SOLD,
A FINE Bay Stone Horse, 12 Years old, bred by the late Sir Marmaduke Wyvill, Bart at Burton in Yorkshire, near 15 Hand high very Strong, remarkably Healthy, and clear of all natural Blemishes. He was got by Young Belgrade, his Dam by Young Greyhound, his Grand Dam by Lord Darcy's Woodcock, his Great Grand Dam by Hobler, his Great, Great, Grand Dam, by Brimmer, his Great, Great, Great, Grand Dam by Place's White Turk, out of a noted Burton Black-a-Top Mare; his Dam was bred by the late Sir Ralph Milbank, and said to be Sister to Comet's Dam.
Letters 'Post Paid' will be anser'd, by Directing to the Publisher of these Books.

This Burton Black-a-top Mare may also have been an ancestor of Ascough's Blackatop, a stallion mentioned in ads in 1725 and 1726; where his pedigree is given as got by Pulleine's Chesnut Arabian (sire of the Duke of Ancaster's Merlin) out of a Black-a-top Mare of Sir Marmaduke Wyvill's. [for the ads, see below, under 6. Mare by the Scarborough Colt.]

3. The Old Scarborough Mare.
She has been mentioned in the General Stud Book since the introductory volume in 1791, but was given a broodmare entry only in the latest revision of Volume 1 in 1891.

(OLD) SCARBORO' MARE (foaled about 1715), got by Makeless, her dam by Brimmer.
1724 bl c The Scarborough Colt, by Tifter … Sir W [Marmaduke] Wyville
* [1723 b] f [Belgrade], by Belgrade Turk … Sir W [Marmaduke] Wyville
†                               f by Bay Bolton … Sir W [Marmaduke] Wyville
          * Dam of Miss Wyndham by Wyndham.
          † Dam of Sir M Wyville's Y Belgrade, by The Belgrade Turk.
     Comus, Slane, Y Melbourne, North Lincoln, and Sefton descend from this mare.

There are no surviving records of races run by the Scarborough Mare; however there is a tradition repeated in several pedigrees that she beat Bonny Black.

...the old Scarborough Mare which beat the Duke of Rutland's famous Bonny Black [Dublin Journal. Numb. 2424. 2-5 Jun 1750.; advertisement for Chip]

Since Bonny Black raced 1708-1713, it seems that the Scarborough Mare should be dated somewhat earlier than the date of 1715 given in GSB. If she won her race against Bonny Black in 1713 (the last year that mare raced) the Scarborough Mare would probably have been foaled no later than 1707 or 1708; if the same age as Bonny Black, she would have been foaled in 1705.

Even if foaled as early as 1705, however, this mare's produce cannot have been for Sir W Wyville (as given in GSB), since Sir William Wvyill, 4th Baronet, died in 1684. The (old) Scarborough Mare probably belonged to Sir Marmaduke Wyvill, the 5th Baronet (c1666-1722) when she raced, passing into the hands of his son Sir Marmaduke, the 6th Baronet (1692-1754) who bred the Scarborough Colt and Young Belgrade.

Her pedigree is included in Lord Rockingham's collection of pedigrees & breeders certificates, "taken from Brown's Copy of Sr M: Wyvills Stud Book"

The Scarborough Mar[e] was got by Mackeless her dam by Brimme[r] (which Mare was a mare of Sr Marma: Wyvills [fa]ther's & called Tisby. [WWM/R193/49, continued from WWM/R193/34a; Sheffield Archives]

As dam of the Scarborough Colt and grandam of (Young) Belgrade (alias Belgrade 2d) which stallions covered each other's daughters, she was inbred to in the Wyvill Stud. The (old) Scarborough Mare's maternal line survives today as family 25, through her daughter by the Belgrade Turk.

This daughter by the Belgrade Turk was taken notice of in an ad for the Belgrade Turk in 1729

Newcastle Courant. Saturday, March 22. 1728-9. Numb. 204.
A Brown Bay Turkish Horse, of a good Size, strong, and free from all Manner of Blemish, is kept at Constable Burton near Bedale, in Yorkshire, and allowed to serve Mares at a Guinea each: He was sent from Belgrade by General Mercie, and is Sire to the Mare which won the Subscription Money last Year at Richmond [a race for 5 year olds], being the first that was trained of his Breed. There is likewise at the same Place a good English Horse to be Sold.

She then became the property of the Duke of Somerset, who started her the following year as "Belgrade;" afterwards becoming a broodmare. She was referred to as "his Grace's Wyvill Mare" in the pedigree of his 5 year old brown horse raced in 1745; and the un-named dam of Miss Windham in advertisements for Beaufremont

York Courant. No 2417. Tuesday, February 11, 1772.
BEAUFREMONT will Cover this Season at Stephen Fowler's in Selby, Yorkshire, at Two Guineas a Mare, and a Crown to the Groom.
He is a fine Bay, 13 Years old, 15 Hands and a Half high; was got by Tartar; his Dam, by the own Brother to the Duke of Bolton's Fearnought; his Grandam was the famous Miss Windham, by Windham; his Great Grandam, by the Real Belgrade Turk, out of the Old Scarbrough Mare, who was got by Makeless; which Mare beat the Duke of Rutland's famous Bonny Black the Great Match over Newmarket, As Witness my Hand, / Tho. Stapleton
Beaufremont, at four Years old, won 50 l at Scarbrough. At five Years old, 50 l at York, (May Meeting) and in August, the Ladies Plate of 60 l. At six Years old, 50 l at York, (May Meeting) and in August, the Great Subscription, beating Yorkshire Jenny, Engineer, Elephant, Dorrimond, and Dumplin; and also 50 l at Lincoln. At eight Years old, 50 l at Lancaster. At nine Years old the following Fifties, viz Carlisle, Penrith, Lancaster, and Preston, and the Great Subscription at York.
His Action , Shape, and Beauty are too well known to the Gentlemen of the Turf to need any further Mention.
He gets remarkably strong Foals, good Colours, and wellmarked.
The Money to be paid at the Stable Door, or when the Mares are taken away.

4. Sir Marmaduke Wyvill's famous dun mare Golden Dun (1717).
Her pedigree is found in two slightly different variations

Pedigree of Ground Ivy 2d	Pedigree of Magnifico; ctf of Wm Janson
A Royal Foreign Mare
by Dodsworth
by Place's White Turk
by Bustler
Grey Windham's dam, by the Selaby Turk
	own sister to Windham & Crutches, by Hautboy
by the Pulleyne Rockwood	by Robinson's Colt (son of Rockwood)
the famous Wyvill Dun Mare, by Ascough's Blackatop	[the famous dun Galloway] by Ascough's Blackatop
Magnifico's dam, by Belgrade 2d	dam by Young Belgrade
own sister to the dam of Beau Clincher, by the Scarborough Colt	Magnifico (1748) b h by Regulus
Ground Ivy 2d (1750) by Ground Ivy

By pedigree, this mare appears to belong to family 54, although there are a number of pedigrees not included in GSB that give slight variations to the pedigree of the dam of Windham & Crutches (continued in GSB as got by the Selaby Turk; Bustler; Place's White Turk; Dodsworth).

Descendants: the Golden Dun Mare had several descendants mentioned in Wyvill pedigrees in Ireland.
⁃ mare by Belgrade (alias Young Belgrade & Belgrade 2d)
⁃      dam of Beau Clincher, by the Scarborough Colt
⁃           Beau Clincher (1748 or 1749) d g by Regulus
⁃      own sister to the dam of Beau Clincher, by the Scarborough Colt
⁃           Ground Ivy 2d (1750) by Ground Ivy
⁃      Magnifico, 1748 b c by Regulus
⁃ mare by the Scarborough Colt
⁃      mare by Belgrade [2d]
⁃           bl m by Mogul (Ld Antrim's)
⁃                1756 c by Coalition Colt
⁃                1757 c by Hector

NOTES: Her sire was said to have been Ascough's Blackatop in the 1726 ad for that stallion [for the ads, see below, under 6. Mare by the Scarborough Colt.]. Pond 1754, however, in his pedigree of Magnifico wrote:

Pond 1754; pedigrees of 6 yo
Magnifico, Mr. Palmer's, was got by Regulus; his Dam by Belgrade, his Grandam was the famous dun Galloway, got by the Arabian, called the Golden Arabian, which died after covering about two Mares.

It is not known whether this represents an error on Pond's part or whether Blackatop was also known as the Golden Arabian. Blackatop is confirmed as Magnifico's ancestor from the pedigree given when he was advertised in 1758.

Newcastle Courant. No. 4264. Saturday, June 10, MDCCLVIII. [1758]
To LEAP this Season,
At Mr George Carr’s, at Corbridge, in Northumberland, at One Guinea a Mare, and one Shilling to the Servant;
THE famous Horse, MAGNIFICO. He was bred by the late Sir Marmaduke Wyvill, and got by Regulus; his Dam, by Young Belgrade; his Grand dam, by Ascough Blackatop; his Great Grand-dam, by Robinson’s Colt, Son of Rockwood; his Great Great Grand dam, by Hautboy; and was own Sister to Wyndham and Crutches.
Leybourn, Dec. 30, 1754. This is a true Pedigree, as witness my Hand, William Illuson.

Blackatop as sire of Sir Marmaduke's Golden Dun mare is also supported by the pedigree given for Ground Ivy 2d, when advertised in Ireland 1754-1764.

Pue's Occurrences - Tuesday 9 March 1756
GROUNDIVY the SECOND will serve Mares this Season at Mr Francis Croghan's at Rosscommon, at a Guinea and Half a Crown, to be paid before Service; he is young and fresh, 6 Years old, 15 Hands high, with uncommon Beauty and good Gates, but was by an Accident prevented from shewing the Perfections of his Sire in Raceing; he was got by Groundivy; his Dam by the Sire of Antelope's Dam [Scarborough Colt; this mare identified in other ads as sister to the dam of Sir Marmaduke's Beau Clincher] ; his Grand Dam by Belgrade the Second, Sire of Volunteer; his Great Grand Dam (the famous Wyville Dun Mare) by Ascough's Blackatop; his Great Great Grand Dam by the Pulleyne Rockwood, Sire of the Great Grand Dam of Old Starling; his Great Great Great Grand Dam (Dam also of grey Windam) by the Sellaby Turk, Sire of the Grand Dam of Old Partner; his Great Great Great Great Grand Dam by Bustler, Sire of Old Merlin; his Great Great Great Great Great Grand Dam by Place's White Turk; his Great Great Great Great Great Great Grand Dam by Dodesworth [sic] upon a Royal Foreign Mare.

5. Volunteer's dam (a mare by Bartlet's Childers).
The dam of Sir Marmaduke's mare by Bartlet's Childers was also dam of a stallion referred to in a few Wyvill pedigrees as Hipp or the Pelham Tifter, by old Tifter; suggesting that he was bred by Mr Pelham; her dam by the Devonshire Chesnut Arabian (sometimes given as Turk) out of a full sister to the Duke of Somerset's Westbury, by Curwen's Bay Barb; old Spot; old Woodcock.

One of many certificates of her produce can be found in Lord Godolphin's records as published by C M Prior in The Royal Studs of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (1935)

Volunteer's Sister was got by a Colt of my own Breed called Bellgrade, and out of a Daughter of Bartlett's Childers, out of a Daughter of ye late D: of Devonshire's Chesnut Arabian, out of a Daughter of ye Bay Barb, wch was full sister to ye Duke off Somerset's Westburry, as Mr Pelham certifyed to me. / [Signed] Ma: Wyvill.

Volunteer's dam had known produce by two of Sir Marmaduke's stallions. By the Scarborough Colt, she produced Chip, 1743 b c, and a sister to Chip (dam of Antelope & Broadbottom). By Belgrade (alias Belgrade 2d & Young Belgrade) she produced Volunteer, 1735 b c, Freemason, b c, Belgrade 3d, 1746 b c, and at least 2 sisters to Volunteer. One sister's broodmare career is well documented for some years in Lord Godolphin's records, before her sale to the Duke of Cumberland, for whom she foaled Miss Windsor. Evidence for two sisters arises from at least three examples of two foals in the same year whose dams were identified as sister to Volunteer. Without additional original stud records, however, it is only possible to speculate as to these mares' complete histories. Their record of produce discovered to date:

1739 ch c Young Crispin, by Ld Halifax's Crispin
ca1746 b c by the Scarborough Colt (adv for sale at Scarborough 1756)
<1748.1755> f by Regulus (dam of Despair, adv in Ire. 1766, got by Brown's Bay Arabian, & John Foster Hill's b f by Bajazet)
1749 b f by the Godolphin Arabian [Ld Godolphin's records]
1750 b f by the Godolphin Arabian [Ld Godolphin's records]
1750 br f by Sir Marmaduke's Arabian colt [=? Coalition Colt] (for sale in Ireland 1754)
1752 b f by the Godolphin Barb [Ld Godolphin's records]
1753 b c Godolphin Colt, by the Godolphin Arabian … Ld Rockingham [Ld G's records; WWM/R193/38]
1754 b f H R H the Duke's Sylvia alias Miss Windsor, by the Godolphin Arabian
1754 b f by Broadbottom (dam, in 1758, of ch c by Regulus) [WWM/R193/42; advt 1758]
1755 b f Madam, by Muley Moloch
1756 c by the Duke's Arabian
1756 b c Corporal, by Cade … James Brown of Scarboro' sold to Ld R in 1760 [WWM/R193/62]
1760 f by Blank … D: Bridgewater

Volunteer's dam's lineage survives today as Family 18 through two daughters; the "sister to Chip" through a Beningbrough mare foaled in 1811; the other through Miss Windsor (1754) by the Godolphin Arabian, her dam the sister to Volunteer documented in Lord Godolphin's records, as sold to the Duke of Cumberland shortly before foaling Miss Windsor.

6. Mare by the Scarborough Colt. [ancestress of family 49]

This family is pieced together from surviving pedigrees, many not known to GSB. The earliest mare in this line whose name is known was Moorpout (1777) by Young Marske. Her first entry in GSB as a broodmare was in the 1803 edition, where her information was given as

Bred by Mr DALTON, foaled in 1777, got by Young Marske, her dam, by a son of Omar - Whitenose.

Stallion ads for her son Sportsman in Pick’s calendars for 1805 & 1806, however, provided two more generations to her pedigree

SPORTSMAN, at Mr George Ridley's at Melsonby, near Richmond, Yorkshire. By Walnut; dam, Moorpout, by Young Marsk; grandam by a Son of Omar, (son of Lord Godolphins Arabian); great grandam by Lord Portmore's Whitenose, the Scarbro' Colt, Belgrade Turk

Moorpout's dam was also, according to Pick's racing calendars, dam of a sister to Moorpout (dam of Mobberley Crab, 1796 br c by Young Eclipse) and Mr W Hamilton’s 1787 br c by Ruler, bought from Mr Dalton.

An ad for Aethon, a son of the Whitenose mare (or a now-unknown sister) extends the family line further, from a certificate given by C Dalton, and corrects the Belgrade Turk of Pick's pedigree to Young Belgrade (son of the Belgrade Turk).

Adams's Weekly Courant (Chester, England), Tuesday, April 10, 1770; Issue 1743.
AETHON
Will Cover Mares this Season, at One Guinea and a Shilling The Money to be paid at the Time of Covering.
AETHON is now Six Years Old, of a fine Brown Colour, 15 Hands and a Half high, Strong in Proportion, free from Blemish, very Active, and able to carry 16 Stone a Hunting. He won the King’s Plate at Carlisle, in 1768, when Five Years Old, carrying 1 Stone.
He was got by Young Cade, his Dam by White-Nose, his Grand-Dam by the Scarborough Colt, his Great Grand-Dam by Young Belgrave [sic], his Great Great Grand-Dam by Ascough’s Blackatop, his Great Great Great Grand-Dam by Old Hautboy.
This is a true Pedigree, witness my Hand,
Huxwell, Oct 3, 17[6]6. C DALTON.
This is his first Season of Covering – He stands at a Stable by the Newgate.

The next mare in this line, a daughter of the Scarborough Colt, may appear in this next ad, if the Castaway cross was given in error for sister to Castaway.

London Evening Post (London, England), December 11, 1777 - December 13, 1777; Issue 8996.
To be SOLD by AUCTION,
By Mr Aldridge,
At Mr Bever's Repository, in St Martin's-lane, on Wednesday next, at twelve o'clock,
...
Note, a black Mare, got by Stump, her dam by Sedbury, her grandam by Sir Marmaduke Wyvil's Scarborough Colt, her great grandam by Castaway, her great great grandam by Hautboy, out of a daughter of Brimmer, now in foal by Stranger, and must be sold to the best bidder. [3979]

The earliest mares in this line also appear in an ad for the Jervaulx Castaway, and are referred to obliquely as "all English Blood by the Mare's side for many Generations" in an ad for Castaway's brother.

Newcastle Courant. Saturday, March 26. 1726. Numb. 48.
THIS is to give Notice, That Blackatop, the same that got Sir Marmaduke Wyvill's Dun Mare Castaway, and the Parsons Gelding, is now at Jervax, to serve Mares, at two Guineas each: He was got by Mr Pullen's Chesnut Arabian, and out of Sir Marmaduke Wyvill's old Blackatop. And Jervaux Castaway will be at Mrs Lazenby's at Clowbeck near Darlington, the 14th Day of March, to serve Mares at 10 s each, and 6 d to his Keeper; he will be that Week and every other Week after in the County of Durham, and will keep Darlington and Bishop-Auckland: He will be the other Weeks at Jervaux in Yorkshire, and will be every Saturday in Richmond coming and going. His Pedigre [sic] is as follows, He was got by Blackatop, his Mother by Howboy; his Grand-Mother by Briner; his great Grand-Mother by White-Lowdon; his great great Grand Mother was the famous Falconbridge's Mare; disprove this, and all the Mares shall be served for nothing, as Witness my Hand, C Ascough.

Stamford Mercury. Thursday, April 15, 1725. Vol. XXXV. No. 15.
THERE is at Charles Tomlinson’s at Eastthorpe near Belvoir in Leicestershire, a very strong, young, fresh bay Stallion, free from any Blemish, lately brought from the North, he is near 15 hands high, and strong enough to carry 20 Stone a Hunting, he is all English Blood by the Mare’s side for many Generations; his Sire was got by the same Arabian that got the Duke of Ancaster’s Marlin, out of a Black-a-top Mare of Sir Marmaduke Wyvill’s, his Pedigree will be produced to his Great Great Grandmother, from under the Breeder’s Hand, and all as good blood as any in all the North; he is full Brother to Ascough’s Castaway that won all the 10 and 12 Stone Plates in the North for three Years together, in which Time he was never beat but once. He is not only likely to get a Running Horse, but is certainly the fittest to get a gallant strong Hunter of any Horse that ever was in this Part of the Country.
N B He has cover’d two Seasons in the North (tho’ but 6 Years old) and gets both beautiful and strong Foals, and there has scarce been a mare that he has cover’d prov’d Barren. He leaps at half a Guinea a Leap and Tryal, and a Shilling the Man, all to be paid down. Joysting may be had in very good Land for the Mares, at 2 s per Week.

To summarize the information from these ads, it appears that Moorpout's pedigree is:
got by Young Marske - a son of Omar - Ld Portmore's Whitenose - Scarborough Colt - Belgrade [alias Belgrade 2d & Young Belgrade] - Ascough's Blackatop - Hautboy - Brimmer - White Lowdon - the famous Falconbridge's Mare.

Although there are no identified produce from this line bred by Sir Marmaduke, the occurrence of 3 sequential crosses by stallions used by Sir Marmaduke, suggests that one or more of these mares probably passed through his hands.

Family 49 appears to be close to extinction with only 8 horses foaled 2000 or later entered on the Pedigree Query database.

7. Snake Mare, by old Tifter (Bashaw's dam).
This mare appears in the pedigrees of Bashaw (alias old Standard) and three brothers sired by the Godolphin Arabian. These last three are documented in Lord Godolphin's records (C M Prior, Thoroughbred Records of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, 1935) as produce of "Sir M Wyvill's mare."
The chart below shows the variations. The most authoritative versions are the pedigree of the Spectacle Mare from Lord Rockingham's records (WWM/R193/34a) which names her as dam of Tarquin, Alfred in Ireland, and Ld Rockingham's Godolphin Hunter, and which was taken from Mr Brown's copy of Sir Marmaduke's stud book; and the ads for Bashaw and Sessario, which quote certificates given by Sir Marmaduke.

Tarquin (WWWM/R 193/34a)	Tarquin advts (1752 & later)	Bashaw advt (1749)	old Standard (Pond 1754)	Sessario advt (1755)	Alfred advt (1760)

one of Sr Jonathan Jenning's Mares; which Mare was of the Royal Kind at Sedbury	a Mare which Sir John Jennings had of old Kitt Darcy, and valued much		a mare that Sir Jonathan Jennings had from the late Lord Darcey's Stud, at Sedbury, Yorkshire, thought to be as high a bred Mare as any in England
by old Woodcock
by Bustler
by Hautboy	dau of Hautboy	g grandam by Hautboy	g g grandam by old Hautboy
by Pooley's Diamond		grandam by Diamond	g grandam by Pooley Diamond
by Snake			grandam by Snake	Mr Aislabie's famaous Snake Mare (dam of John Trot & Bucephalus)
the Snake Mare, by old Tifter		dam by Tifter	dam by old Tifter	grandam=Bashaw's dam, by Tifter
by Pelham Tifter [=Hipp]	dau of Hip	Bashaw, by Belgrade 2d	old Standard, by Belgrade 2d	dam by Hip
Spectacle Mare, by the Scarborough Colt	by the Scarborough Colt			my famous mare Spectacles, got by the Scarborough Colt	Sir Mar:Wyvill's Speck-tail Mare
Tarquin, Alfred, Godolphin Hunter	Tarquin, by Ld Godolphin's Arabian			Sessario, by the Godolphin Arabian	Alfred by the Godolphin Arabian

From these sources, the pedigree of Sir Marmaduke's Snake Mare appears to be:
Got by old Tifter (son of the Thoulouse Barb); her dam Mr Aislabie's mare by Snake (dam of his John Trot, raced 1732-1734 & Bucephalus, 1738) - Pooley's Diamond - old Hautboy - Bustler - old Woodcock - a Mare (of the Royal Kind at Sedbury) which Sir John Jennings had of old Kitt Darcy, and valued much.

She is known to have had 2 foals
. f by the Pelham Tifter* (dam of Sir Marmaduke's Spectacle Mare, by the Scarborough Colt)
.1736 b c Bashaw (later the Duke of Beaufort's Standard) by Belgrade 2d
* Alias Hip, by old Tifter, out of Volunteer's grandam.

This line appears to be extinct.

8. Mare by old Tifter (Mazard's dam).
This mare appears in only one published pedigree, and is remarkable chiefly for her descent from the grandam of Makeless. Her descendant Mazard alias (old) Roger alias Steady was advertised in Ireland 1753-1759, with a pedigree certified by Sir Marmaduke Wyvill as got by the Scarborough Colt; dam by Belgrade 2d, old Tifter; Ld Darcy's Woodcock; Ld Darcy's Chesnut Arabian [formerly Mr Curwen's]; Blunderbuss - a natural Barb mare [grand] dam to the famous Makeless.

The earliest version of the ads for this horse provide an estimate of his foaling year [about 1744] as well as interesting detail about other earlier horses, including naming the dam of Woodcock as "a Tyrconnel Barb Mare."

Dublin Journal. Sunday, March 03, "1853" [1753] - also have as Sunday, March 06, "1853" [1753]
TO be let to Mares this Season, at Eccles Vill near Fentona in the County of Tyrone, MAZARD, alias ROGER; he is a Jet black, 15 Hands and a Half high, and every way qualified to get Officers Horses, Hunters, and running Horses; for the Encouragement of Breeders in that Part of the World, he will be let at so small a Price as two Guineas each mare, and a Crown to the Groom, the Money to be paid without Distinction before the Horse leaves the Stable. The following Pedigree, certified by Sir Marmaduke Wyvill, will clearly shew what may be expected from a Horse of his Blood, Size, Strength and Beauty.--This is to certify, that the black stoned Horse which I sold to Mr Eccles, was bred by me, and now rises 9 Years old this next Grass; he was got by my Scarborough Colt; his Dam by Belgrade the 2d; his Grandam by old Tifter; his great Grandam by Lord Darcey's Woodcock; his Great Great Grandam by Lord Darcey's chesnut Arabian; his Great Great Great Grandam by Blunderbuss, out of a natural Barb Mare, which was Dam [sic] to the famous Makeless. The Account above is true, so far as I know myself, and what I had from others I do really believe to be true. Witness my Hand, / Marma. Wyvill.
Scarborough Colt was a Son of my old Scarborough Mare and old Tifter; he won the great Stakes at Richmond when 5 Years old, and the King's Plate at Leith when 6, and got the Dam of Antelope and many excellent Horses. Belgrade the 2d was the Sire of Volunteer, Bashaw, Garnet, Primate and Antelope. Woodcock got the famous Diana Mare, and many others of great Note; he was a Son of old Merlin and a Tyrconnel Barb Mare. The chesnut Arabian abovementioned got Jews-trump and Mr Bethell's Royal. Blunderbuss was one of the most noted Stallions of his Time, and to this Day his Blood as much valued as any in England. The above Account I believe to be true, / Marma. Wyvill.
For his Qualifications as a running Horse, Breeders are referred to Mr Cheney [sic].

According to a pedigree for Makeless given in Lord Rockingham's records, the natural Barb mare was his grandam. From WWM/R193/49, a continuation of WWM/R193/34a (pedigree of the Spectacle Mare) "taken from Brown's Copy of Sr M: Wyvills Stud Book"

Makeless - was got by Gene[ra]l Oglethorpe's Arabian his dam by Ld D'Arcy's Y[e]llow Turk - & out of a Natural Barb Mare - which Sr Jno Lawson (a Sea Admiral) bought from Barbary & gave her to King Charles - who gave her to Ld d'Arcy.

Since this Sir John Lawson died in 1665, it is possible to date the arrival of the "Royal Mare" (Makeless' grandam) in England to between 1660 and 1665. Her known produce, then, appears to be the dam of Makeless, got by the Darcy Yellow Turk, and a mare by Blunderbuss. Blunderbuss, despite his description by Sir Marmaduke as “…one of the most noted Stallions of his Time, and to this Day his Blood as much valued as any in England" is mentioned only rarely in surviving pedigrees. He also sired --
⁃      James Darcy's "Blunderbush Royall," out of a mare described as James Darcy's "own Gray Royal" by the White Turk (given in other pedigrees as Place's)
⁃      the Hen Mare, out of the old Thornton Mare, by Mr Place's White Barb (also given as Turk) ancestress of Mr Hutton's first significant winners, (Black) Chance, Moorcock and Phantom
⁃      possibly a mare whose dam was got by the Darcy Yellow Turk, out of "the famous Sedbury Mare, by the Darcy White Turk" It is also possible that this is a variant pedigree for the Blunderbuss Royal Mare.

No other produce of this Tifter mare have been identified definitely, although the list of horses to be sold "on the Sod" at the Curragh after Sir Marmaduke's death in 1754 a brown mare by Belgrade, along with one or more of her produce. Unfortunately, this mare has not yet been found in any other records with an extended pedigree, so it is impossible to tell if the sale mare was the dam of Mazard.

Dublin Journal. 26 Mar 1754.
TO be sold by Auction, on Wednesday the 3d of April, 1754, at the Curragh of Kildare, for ready Money only, the following Horses and Mares belonging to the late Sir Marmaduke Wyvill, Bart. 1st, Primate. 2d, A brown Horse got by the Scarborough Colt out of the Daughter of Belgrade. 3d, a young brown Mare, 3 Years old, got by Sir Marmaduke's Arabian Colt out of Voluntier's own Sister. 4th a bay Mare, 4 Years old, got by Regulus out of a Daughter of Belgrade, 1 Year in Meat, and 7 Months in regular Training at the Curragh of Kildare. 5th, a brown mare in Foal, got by Belgrade out of a Daughter of Tifter. 6th, A bay Foal got by Tom Jones out of the last mentioned Mare, which Tom Jones was a Son of Partner. An attested Pedigree of each Horse will be delivered to the respective Purchasers.--N B The Sale to begin at 10 o'Clock in the Morning.

9. Garnet Mare.
Sir Marmaduke's Garnet Mare was dam of his winner Garnet, as well as several stallions advertised in Ireland. If information from all these ads is correct, it looks as if she had produce spanning the years 1734-1754, which makes 1730 a reasonable estimate for when she was foaled. An ad for the 1754 foal, Young Cheshire Tom (alias Cheshire Round) identified his dam as Mr Gore's Garnet Mare, bred by the late Sir Marmaduke Wyvill. This suggests that she was taken to Ireland sometime after foaling Creeper in 1744. She is also credited with a colt foaled 1750 or 1751 by a Son of the Godolphin Arabian, which from the description of the sire as a "Son of the Godolphin Arabian was lately purchased by Sir Ralph Gore, Bart from John Hill Forster, Esq; for 200 Guineas" sounds like Alfred. Alfred was advertised from at least 1759 to stand in Ireland, and mentioned in Lord Rockingham's records taken from Mr Brown's copy of Sir Marmaduke's stud book (WWM/R193/34a)

"Pedigree of the Spectacle Mare - dam of Tarquin - Hill Forsters now Sr Ralph Gores Stallion & also dam of my Godolphin Hunter"

The Garnet Mare's pedigree was given in ads for Creeper & Mill Post(s) as sired by Hipp (a son of old Tifter, out of Volunteer's grandam); her dam by the Duke of Bolton's Poker (son of Grey Hautboy); Pulleine's Chesnut Arabian; a mare called Garnet, by Mr Place's White Turk, out of a natural Barb mare, which belonged to Oliver Cromwell.

Universal Advertiser. / Saturday, April 13, 1754. / Numb. 148
TO cover Mares this Season, at the Widow Place’s Livery stables near the Barracks, Dublin; the fine bay horse, CREEPER, 15 hands high, which was purchased last Spring from the late Sir Marmaduke Wyvill, and bred as follows. This is to certifie that the fine bay horse which I sold to Peter Storey, by the name of Creeper, was bred by me, and got by my horse called Belgrade the 2d, which got by Volunteer, Bashaw, Primate, Antelope, and Garnet, to which last horse, Creeper is full brother. Garnet won several Prizes, and was generally thought, when five years old, to be the best horse in England. Creeper’s dam was got by Hipp, his grandam by the Duke of Bolton’s horse called Poker, his great grandam by mr Pullen’s chesnut Arabian, out of a mare called Garnet, which was got by mr Place’s white Turk, out of a natural Barb mare, which belonged to Oliver Cromwell. Hipp was got by old Tifter, out of Volunteer’s grandam. Poker was got by the Arab, which got grey Ramsden. Pullen’s chesnut Arab, got Morton’s Merlin. Place’s white Turk got Commoner. Old Tifter was a son of the Thoulouse Barb, out of young Cream Cheeks. The above is a true Pedigree, Witness my hand, / MARMA: WYVILL.
Creeper’s price is a moydore each mare, and half a crown to the groom, to be paid to him before the mare is covered. Good grass at the said place for all mares sent to him, at the common price of the town, and good attendance.

Dublin Journal. Numb. 2428 From Saturday June the 16th, to Tuesday June the 19th, 1750
TO be Let out to Mares this Season, at Mr John Kinesteen's at the White Heart in Boyle, in the County of Roscommon, at One Moydore each Mare, Leaps and Tryals, and One Shilling to the Groom, the famous Horse called MILL-POST, lately purchased from Sir Marmaduke Wyvill, by Lawrence King. Mill Post is 15 Hands and 1 inch High, a bright Bay, strong legg'd, and clear of all natural Blemishes, rising 9 Years old. There is good Grass to be had at said Kinesteen's at 2 d a Night. As to Mill-Posts Pedigree, I refer it to the Publick, the underneath being an exact Copy, signed by Sir Marmaduke Wyvill.---This is to Certify that the large Bay Horse, which I sold to Laurence King by the Name of creeposts [typo? for Mill-Post], was bred by me, and got by my Horse called Belgrade the 2d, which got my Volunteer, Bashaw, Primate and Garnet, to which last he is full Brother. Garnet won several Prizes, and I believe was generally thought, when five Years old, to be the best Horse in England of his Age. His Dam was got by Hipp, his Grandam by the Duke of Bolton's horse call'd Poker, his Great Grandam by Mr Pullen's Chesnut Arabian, out of a Mare called Garnet, which was got by Mr Place's White Turk, out of a natural Barb Mare, which belong'd to Oliver Cromwell. Hipp was got by old Tifter, out of Volunteer's Grandam. Poker was got by the Arab, which got Grey Ramsden. Pullen's Chestnut Arab, got Morton's Merlin, &c. Place's White Turk, got Commoner, &c. Old Tifter was a Son of the Thoulouse Barb, out of Young Cream Cheeks.---All which Account as above set down, I do believe to be true. Witness my Hand, / MARMA. WYVILL.
N B The Money to be paid before the Horse is led out.

If all the ads identifying various stallions as brothers to Creeper or Garnet may be taken at face value, the Garnet Mare's list of produce looks something like the following; it seems likely that there were other fillies, now lost to the historical record.

     1734 b h Shrimp, by Belgrade 2d [1760 ad for Creeper names him as an "own brother"]
     1736 b h Sportsman, by the Scarborough Colt
     1738 b h Garnet, by Belgrade 2d
     1740 b h Bobadil, by Belgrade 2d
     1741 b h Mill Post(s), by Belgrade 2d
     1743? b h Tifter, by the Scarborough Colt
     1744 b h Creeper, by Belgrade 2d [ran for the King's Plate for 6 yo at Newmarket, Apr 1751 (Heber)]
     <1735.1748> a sister to Garnet, by Belgrade 2d; she had foals for Ld Massareene 1753-1756
     ? ch h Young Regulus, by Regulus [ads in 1755 & 1759 said his dam was sister to Garnet & Creeper]
     1750 or 1751 b h Little John of Donegall, by a Son of the Godolphin Arabian [=? Alfred]
     1754 b h Young Cheshire Tom, by Cheshire Tom [aka Cheshire Round - see Pue's Occurrences 1758]

It is unknown whether the anonymous stallion advertised at Constable Burton in 1727 was also produced by this family, but from the name of his dam, it appears to be a possibility.

Newcastle Courant. Saturday, May 6. 1727. Numb. 106.
THIS is to give Notice, that Mr Henry Jaques of Constable Burton near Middleham in Yorkshire, keeps a fine Stallion, which is near 15 Hands high, clear of all natural Infirmities, beautifully Shaped, a good Bay, and well Marked. He was got by old Tifter, and out of a Mare which was Mr Pullein's, call'd Garnett. It is hoped, that this Pedigree (being short) will not be liable to so many Mistakes, as are frequently found in those that are long; thus much more however may be truly added, that Tifter was a Son of the Thoulouse Barb, which got Bag-pipe; and several other good Horses in England of a later Date than 40 Years ago, tho' it is not pretended he got them All; particularly Leeds, which was generally allow'd to have been a Son of Mr Leed's Arabian. The Price of a Leap this Year will be only Half a Guinea: But it is hoped the next Year he will be thought to deserve a Guinea, and then his Pedigree shall be longer. If any has a Mind to buy a good Stallion, in present Condition, the above-named Mr Henry Jaques will shew them two. / N B This will be no more advertised.

10. Castaway mare.
There is no definite evidence that this line passed through the Wyvill Stud, although the possibility is suggested from the occurrence of successive crosses of stallions appearing in Wyvill pedigrees. The Castaway mare's pedigree is given as got by Ascough's Castaway, her dam by old Smithson (by Ld Darcy's Barb - a Royal Mare); Brimmer; Hautboy. This Castaway mare appears to have been dam of two mares who bred on: a mare by Darcy's Woodcock and another by Mr Smith's son of Snake.

The Woodcock mare seems to have become the property of Mr Pulleine, for whom she produced
• in 1735 a black colt Scarborough Colt, named after his sire, Wyvill's Scarborough Colt. This horse ran as Mr Pulleyne's 1741-1744, winning at least 3 of his starts.
• Mr Pullein's mare by the Scarborough Colt, dam of a filly by Regulus, a colt & filly by Sedbury (all advertised for sale in 1752) and in 1752, a b c Young Tartar, by Tartar (adv to cover mares in 1758, with a pedigree certified by John Pulleine).
• in 1746 a bay colt Vitron, by the Scarborough Colt (adv to cover mares in Ireland in 1752 and 1753, with his breeder's name given as "Mr Pullan Re[n]dle in Yorkshire."

The mare by Mr Smith's son of Snake appears to have become the property of Mr Henry Proctor, from whom he bred a 1734 b f Small Hopes (later known as Sir Edward O'Brien's Proctor Mare) by Bartlet's Childers, as well as a sister, a 1735 b f Mr Peach's Milkmaid, also by Bartlet's Childers. Both these mares were mentioned in ads in Heber 1758

WHEREAS Sir Edward O Brien's STUD was Advertised to be sold by Cant, at Dromoland, in the County of Clare, and Kingdom of Ireland, on the 3d of November last, and that the lateness of the Season and severity of the Weather, prevented many Sportsmen from coming or sending to the said Cant according to their Intentions. This is to inform the Publick, that Sir Edward O Brien has post-poned it to April next, 1759, at which Time the following Brood Mares, Colts and Fillies, together with some Galloping Horses now in Training, will by sold by Cant, at Dromoland, or at the Curragh, at the Spring Meeting there (Provided they are not previously disposed of) as Sir Edward will at any Time between this and then, treat with any Gentleman (and sell any one or all of them) that thinks it worth his while to send to Dromoland, and see that they are in good Condition, and free from all Blemishes whatever, either natural or acquired, and that the brood Mares are all with Foal.
A List of the BROOD MARES
5. The Proctor Mare, formerly called Small Hopes, and bred by Mr. Henry Proctor of Yorkshire, got by Bartlet's Childers, her Dam by Smith's Stallion who got Midge, Hendry's Mare, &c. in Foal this Year by Old England.
COLTS and FILLIES.
9. A Chesnut 4 Year old Colt, got by Old England, on the Proctor Mare, No. 5.
11. A Bay 2 Year old Horse Colt, got by Old England, and his Dam by Old Hip, upon the Proctor Mare, No. 5.
12. A Bay Yearling Colt, got by Old England upon the Proctor Mare, No. 5.
For Particulars enquire of R. Heber, at Holborn-Bars, London. Letters (Post-paid) will be duly answered.

To be SOLD the late Mr. Bilton's STUD, as follows, viz.
Out of a Mare, called Young Peach, got by Devonshire's Ball full Brother to Blaze, and out of Proctor's Mare, called Milkmaid, which was full Sister to Proctor's Smallhopes, both got by the Bartlet's Childers.
A Brown Bay Filly, got by Goliah, foaled in 1753.
Further Particulars, enquire of R. Heber, at Holborn-Bars, London, Letters (Post-paid) will be duly answered.

The Proctor Mare's extended pedigree connecting her to this family comes from an ad for her son Hercules in the Dublin Journal of 25 Feb 1772:

HERCULES will stand from 25th March to the end of the Covering Season, at Golden [??? Oldcastle???] in the Co. of Tipperary, and for the Encouragement of Breeders, will Cover for this Year, at One Guinea and a Half, and Half a Crown to the Groom, the Money to be paid before Service... Hercules was bred by Sir Edward O’Brien, Bart. is a beautiful bay, 15 ½ Hands high, and able to carry 16 st. he was got by Bustard on the noted Proctor Mare who was got by Young Childers, he was full Brother to his Grace the Duke of Devonshire’s Flying Childers, and her Dam was got by Mr. Smyth’s Horse which Horse was got by Mr. Robinson’s Snake, his Dam by Bumble Bee, and she was out of a Bremer Mare, and got by a Son of Old Hautboy. The Proctor Mare’s grand Dam was got by Mr. Ascough’s Cast-away and was out of a Mare that was got by Old Smithson, which Horse was got by Lord D’Arcy’s Barb, out of a Royal Mare, and her great great grand Dam by Bremer. Hercules won the great Stakes at Kildare, carrying 12 st. the Meeting before Sir Edward O'Brien's Death, was was then sold for a Stallion; he will be shewn at Clonmell next Assizes. Feb. 20th, 1772

Summary

The early involvement of the Wyvill family in the breeding of running horses, and the preservation of so many pedigrees, particularly in Irish newspapers, offers a glimpse of 17th century breeding. Many of the stallions' names are familiar from pedigrees collected into GSB. On the other hand, some of the earliest mares in these lines have not been identified before.

• a mare of the Royal Kind at Sedbury that Sir Jonathan Jennings had of old Kitt Darcy, and valued much [13?]
• mare by old Woodcock [18]
• a mare by Brimmer belonging to Sir Marmaduke's father [25]
• mare by Hautboy [49]
• a Royal Foreign Mare [54]
• Sir Christopher Wyvill's famous Running Roan Mare [61]
• a natural Barb mare which belonged to Oliver Cromwell
• a natural Barb Mare, imported 1660-1665, grandam of Makeless
• a noted Burton Black-a-Top Mare
• a mare by Hautboy