 |
Wright's Equation and Hardiman's Method are both based on the principle that the inbreeding of an individual is one half the relationship of its sire and dam, however the calculations involve different data and so the inbreeding coefficients produced by them are not interchangeable and should not be compared with each other. Wright's Equation is haphazardly calculated to any number of generations, whereas Hardiman's Method is always calculated to five generations. Wright's Equation considers duplicated ancestors only if they are common to both sire and dam, whereas Hardiman's Method considers all duplicated ancestors. Wrights Equation considers inbred ancestors only if they are duplicated ancestors, whereas Hardiman's Method considers all inbred ancestors. It should be noted here that an inbreeding coefficient is of little value without a standard with which it can be compared, so the proposed Register of Inbreeding Coefficients will be used to calculate a breed average for comparison.
STANDARD INBREEDING COEFFICIENT - includes only
the subject's inbreeding in the first five generations
CUMULATIVE INBREEDING COEFFICIENT - includes all inbreeding in the subject's
pedigree back as far as records allow
See REGISTER OF INBREEDING COEFFICIENTS
|
|
Fx is the inbreeding coefficient of the horse in question, Fa is the inbreeding coefficient of the common ancestor, n1 is the number of generations from the sire to the common ancestor, and n2 is the number of generations from the dam to the common ancestor.
| CEDRIC | PHANTOM | WALTON |
| Walton mare | WALTON | |
Cedric is the result of the mating of half-siblings, both his
parents being by Walton. If Walton carries a gene with two different alleles,
the one which is passed to Phantom has a 50% probability of being passed to
Cedric. There is also a 50% probability that the Walton mare will receive the
same allele from Walton and a 50% probability of it being passed to Cedric.
The probability that Cedric will be homozygous for this allele is 0.5 x 0.5
x 0.5 = 0.125 or 12.5%. If Walton were the only common ancestor, the inbreeding
coefficient for Cedric would be 12.5%.
Simply put, Cedric's inbreeding coefficient is found by calculating ½ to the
power n, where n is the number of individuals from Cedric to the common ancestor
Walton and back to Cedric on the other side of the pedigree, less Cedric. This
makes n equal to Phantom - Walton - Walton mare, or 3. The calculation therefore
is (½)³ or (½ x ½ x ½), which equals one eighth or 12.5%.
In the equation quoted above n1 = 1 (Phantom) and n2 = 1 (Walton mare). Walton,
the common ancestor, is represented by 1. If Walton is also inbred, then Cedric's
inbreeding coefficient would be 12.5 x (1 plus the inbreeding coefficient of
Walton, the common ancestor). If the common ancestor is not inbred then Fa =
0, therefore this part of the equation can be ignored because (1+Fa) = 1.
If Cedric had more than one common ancestor then calculations
would be made for each and added together to give his inbreeding
coefficient.
On the face of it Wright's Equation works, however closer examination reveals inherent defects.
| OMAR | GODOLPHIN ARABIAN | ||
| Lath mare | LATH | GODOLPHIN ARABIAN | |
In the above pedigree Omar is inbred to Godolphin Arabian (1 x 3), so the value for n in the equation equals Godolphin Arabian - Lath - Lath mare or 3. This gives an inbreeding coefficient of 12.5%, the same as that for Cedric. The problem is Omar is more closely inbred than Cedric. Cedric inherited 25% of his genes from Walton through Phantom and 25% of his genes from Walton through Walton mare, making a total of 50%, which when divided by four gives an inbreeding coefficient of 12.5%. Omar, on the other hand, inherited 50% of his genes from Godolphin Arabian as his sire and 12.5% of his genes from Godolphin Arabian through Lath mare, making a total of 62.5%, which when divided by four gives an inbreeding coefficient of 15.625%.
The value of n in Wright's Equation does not take into consideration the positions of the common ancestor in the pedigree.
If Cedric's grandsire Walton was inbred to A (2 x 2), Cedric's inbreeding coefficient would be .125 x 1.125 = .140625 or 14.0625%. The increase of 1.5625% represents the total influence of A which appears four times in the fourth generation of the pedigree of Cedric.
Cedric inherited 25% of his genes from A, which when divided by four gives an inbreeding coefficient of 6.25%. Cedric's inbreeding coefficient would therefore be 12.5% + 6.25% = 18.75%.
If Omar's sire Godolphin Arabian was inbred to B (2 x 2), Omar's inbreeding coefficient would also be .125 x 1.125 = .140625 or 14.0625%. The increase of 1.5625% represents the total influence of B which appears twice in the third generation and twice in the fifth generation of the pedigree of Omar.
Omar inherited 25% of his genes from B in the third generation and 6.25% of his genes from B in the fifth generation, making a total of 31.25%, which when divided by four gives an inbreeding coefficient of 7.8125%. Omar's inbreeding coefficient would therefore be 15.625% + 7.8125% = 23.4375%.
Multiplying an inbreeding coefficient by one plus the inbreeding coefficient of a common ancestor severely underestimates the total amount of inbreeding in a pedigree.
W E Jones in Genetics of the Horse makes the following statements concerning Wright's Equation:Page 189 - "To determine if there is any inbreeding, one observes the material on the sire's side of the pedigree to see if any animal is common with what is on the dam's side of the pedigree".
Page 189 - "The amount of inbreeding is usually expressed in a percentage, which can be considered to be an estimate of the percentage of the total genes that have been put in the homozygous state. This estimate is always less than the actual because our records are never extensive enough to show all of the relationships that ever existed".
Page 190 - "The equation for calculating the coefficent of inbreeding as proposed by Wright may look somewhat complicated to one without much background in mathematics. The coefficient of inbreeding is a fraction which when multiplied by 100 gives the percentage of inbreeding. The formula is based on the principle that the inbreeding of an individual is one half the relationship of its sire and dam".
In fact, an inbreeding coefficient calculated using Wright's Equation is neither an estimation of the number of genes put into the homozygous state nor an estimation of the percentage of inbreeding. It is merely the probability that identical alleles will be inherited from ancestors common to both sire and dam.
Wright's Equation considers duplicated ancestors only if they are common to both sire and dam, but if the inbreeding of an individual is one half the relationship of its sire and dam, then duplicated ancestors wholly contained within the pedigrees of either the sire or the dam should also be considered because ultimately they will trace to ancestors common to both sire and dam. The following pedigree is an example:
| HIGH BIRD 1933 |
HIGH TIME 1916 |
ULTIMUS 1906 |
COMMANDO 1898 |
DOMINO | HIMYAR |
| Mannie Gray | |||||
| Emma C | DAREBIN | ||||
| Guenn | |||||
| Running Stream 1898 |
DOMINO | HIMYAR | |||
| Mannie Gray | |||||
| Dancing Water | ISONOMY | ||||
| Pretty Dance | |||||
| Noonday 1898 |
DOMINO 1891 |
HIMYAR | ALARM | ||
| Hira | |||||
| Mannie Gray | ENQUIRER | ||||
| Lizzie G | |||||
| Sundown 1887 |
SPRINGFIELD | ST ALBANS | |||
| Viridis | |||||
| Sunshine | THORMANBY | ||||
| Sunbeam | |||||
| Billie Dove 1922 |
ATHELING 1913 |
DESMOND 1896 |
ST SIMON | GALOPIN | |
| St Angela | |||||
| L'Abesse de Jouarre | TRAPPIST | ||||
| Festive | |||||
| Wood Daisy 1906 |
CYLLENE | BONA VISTA | |||
| Arcadia | |||||
| Mountain Daisy | AYRSHIRE | ||||
| Light of Other Days | |||||
| Polistena 1912 |
POLYMELUS 1902 |
CYLLENE | BONA VISTA | ||
| Arcadia | |||||
| Maid Marian | HAMPTON | ||||
| Quiver | |||||
| Imola 1901 |
ST HILAIRE | ST SIMON | |||
| Distant Shore | |||||
| Yola | BONA VISTA | ||||
| Doralice |
HIGH BIRD has no ancestors in the first five generations which are common to both sire and dam.
The sire HIGH TIME is inbred to DOMINO (3 x 3) x 2
The paternal grandsire ULTIMUS is inbred to DOMINO 2 x 2
The dam Billie Dove is inbred to CYLLENE 3 x 3, ST SIMON 3 x 4 and BONA VISTA
4 x (4 x 4)
The maternal grandam Polistena is inbred to BONA VISTA 3 x 3
The inbreeding coefficient of 0% for HIGH BIRD produced by Wright's Equation is impossible. If his pedigree is extended to nine generations the following ancestors are common to both sire and dam:
Banter (9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9) x (9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9)
BAY MIDDLETON (9 x 9 x 8 x 7) x (8 x 9 x 9)
BIRDCATCHER (8 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 8 x 7) x (8 x 9 x 9 x 9)
CAMEL (9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9) x (9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 8 x 9 x 9)
CATTON 9 x 9
Cerberus mare (9 x 9) x 9
Decoy (9 x 8) x 8
DONCASTER 6 x (7 x 7 x 7)
ECONOMIST 9 x (8 x 9)
GLENCOE (9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 8 x 9 x 9 x 8) x (8 x 9)
Guiccioli (9 x 9 x 9 x 8 x 9 x 8) x 9
ISONOMY 5 x (6 x 6)
KING TOM 8 x (6 x 8 x 8 x 7 x 8)
LANERCOST (9 x 9 x 8) x (9 x 8)
LOTTERY 8 x 9
MELBOURNE (7 x 9) x (9 x 8 x 8 x 9)
MULEY (9 x 9 x 8) x (9 x 9)
ORLANDO (8 x 8 x 9 x 7 x 7) x (9 x 9 x 8)
PALMYRA 7 x (9 x 9)
PANTALOON (9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 8 x 8 x 7) x (9 x 9 x 9 x 8 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9)
Pasquinade (9 x 8) x 9
Phryne 7 x 9
Pocahontas (9 x 9 x 9 x 8 x 8 x 8 x 7) x (7 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9
x 8 x 9 x 9)
Rebecca 7 x 9
RIFLEMAN 9 x 8
SCOTTISH CHIEF 7 x 6
SIR HERCULES (9 x 9 x 9 x 8 x 9 x 8) x 9
STOCKWELL (8 x 8 x 7 x 7 x 7 x 6) x (8 x 8 x 9 x 8 x 8 x 8 x 8)
SULTAN (9 x 9 x 9 x 8 x 8) x (9 x 9)
TAURUS2 8 x 9
THE BARON (9 x 9 x 8 x 8 x 8 x 7) x (9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9)
THE FLYING DUTCHMAN 9 x (7 x 9 x 8)
THORMANBY (8 x 5) x (8 x 8 x 8 x 8 x 8)
TOUCHSTONE (9 x 8 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 8 x 8 x 8) x (8 x 8 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 9 x 8
x 9 x 8 x 9 x 8)
VELOCIPEDE 9 x 9
WHALEBONE (9 x 9) x 9
WHISKER (9 x 8) x 9
| CEDRIC | PHANTOM (12.5) | WALTON (6.25) |
| Walton mare (12.5) | WALTON (6.25) | |
Cedric's standard inbreeding coefficient of 12.5 is calculated for an ancestor which appears twice in the second generation of his pedigree, therefore each appearance in the second generation is worth 6.25. The total for each generation is 25, which is the probability of an allele being passed from Walton to Phantom to Cedric. Since the total for each generation is 25, the value for each position in the pedigree can be summarised as follows:
1st Generation = 12.5
2nd Generation= 6.25
3rd Generation = 3.125
4th Generation = 1.5625
5th Generation = .78125
There are 32 ancestors in the fifth generation, each contributing .78125 of the whole. Since at least two positions in the pedigree are required for inbreeding and the maximum of 25 cannot be reached, that leaves 30 possible basic inbreeding coefficients within five generations. Each basic coefficient, which is a multiple of .78125, represents the number of ancestors in the 5th generation that are contained within the pedigree of the common ancestor. It should be noted that there are many more combinations of inbreedings, but there are only 30 possible basic inbreeding coefficients.
|
Inbreeding notations
|
Basic coefficients
|
| 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 | 24.21875 |
| 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 | 23.4375 |
| 1 x 2 x 3 x 5 | 22.65625 |
| 1 x 2 x 3 | 21.875 |
| 1 x 2 x 4 x 5 | 21.09375 |
| 1 x 2 x 4 | 20.3125 |
| 1 x 2 x 5 | 19.53125 |
| 1 x 2 | 18.75 |
| 1 x 3 x 4 x 5 | 17.96875 |
| 1 x 3 x 4 | 17.1875 |
| 1 x 3 x 5 | 16.40625 |
| 1 x 3 | 15.625 |
| 1 x 4 x 5 | 14.84375 |
| 1 x 4 | 14.0625 |
| 1 x 5 | 13.28125 |
| 2 x 2 | 12.5 |
| 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 | 11.71875 |
| 2 x 3 x 4 | 10.9375 |
| 2 x 3 x 5 | 10.15625 |
| 2 x 3 | 9.375 |
| 2 x 4 x 5 | 8.59375 |
| 2 x 4 | 7.8125 |
| 2 x 5 | 7.03125 |
| 3 x 3 | 6.25 |
| 3 x 4 x 5 | 5.46875 |
| 3 x 4 | 4.6875 |
| 3 x 5 | 3.90625 |
| 4 x 4 | 3.125 |
| 4 x 5 | 2.34375 |
| 5 x 5 | 1.5625 |
The inbreeding coefficients have to be modified if the common ancestor is also inbred. The movement of an ancestor back one generation in a pedigree halves its influence, therefore the inbreeding coefficient of an inbred ancestor has to be halved to compensate. The value of an inbreeding coefficient for each generation is calculated as follows:
Generation 0 - Inbreeding Coefficient
Generation 1 - Divide by 2
Generation 2 - Divide by 4
Generation 3 - Divide by 8
Generation 4 - Divide by 16
Generation 5 - Divide by 32
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| D | A | B | ||
| C | B | |||
| E | A | B | ||
| C | B | |||
In the above pedigree D is inbred to A (1 x 2).
The standard inbreeding coefficient for D is therefore 12.5 + 6.25 = 18.75.
A, however, is inbred to B (1 x 2)
and appears in two different generations. The standard inbreeding coefficient
for A is also 18.75.
The movement of an ancestor back one generation in a pedigree halves its influence,
so the modified standard inbreeding coefficient for A in generation
1 will be 9.375 and in generation 2 it will be 4.6875.
E is not inbred and neither is its dam. The modified standard inbreeding coefficient
for A in generation 2 is 4.6875. The modified standard inbreeding
coefficient for E is half this which is 2.34375.
The cumulative inbreeding coefficient for D is therefore 18.75 + half 9.375
+ half 2.34375 which equals 24.609375.
The modified standard inbreeding coefficients are halved again during the calculation of the cumulative inbreeding coefficient, so an easier and quicker way of calculating the cumulative inbreeding coefficient for D is as follows:
Add together the CICs of sire A and dam E, divide by four and add to the SIC for D. 18.75 + 4.6875 = 23.4375 ÷ 4 = 5.859375 + 18.75 = 24.609375.
The value of an inbreeding coefficient for each generation is calculated as follows:
Generation 0 - Inbreeding Coefficient
Generation 1 - Divide by 4
Generation 2 - Divide by 16
Generation 3 - Divide by 64
Generation 4 - Divide by 256
Generation 5 - Divide by 1024
Generation 6 - Divide by 4096
Generation 7 - Divide by 16384
Old Bald Peg = FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB
| [HELMSLEY TURK]
| |
----------------> | <-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | |
Leedes Bald Peg | Lawson's Barb Mare = DARCY'S YELLOW TURK = Old Morocco Mare
[Young Bald Peg] | [Dodsworth's dam] | [DODSWORTH] | |
| | [Merlin's grandam] | [MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE] | |
| | | | | |
----- | ------------------------- | | ------
| | | | | |
| DARCY'S WHITE TURK = Pierson's Bay mare Barb Mare | | |
| [DARCY'S DIAMOND] | | | | |
| [PLACE'S WHITE TURK] | | | | |
| [BURNET'S WHITE BARB] ------------------------------------ | | | |
| [PLACE'S WHITE TRUGUNWELL TURK] | | | | |
| | 1668 | | | | |
| | --------------------------------> | <--> | <---> | <--------- |
| | | | \ / | |
| | Darcy's Grey Royal mare = BRIMMER SPANKER |
| | [Lonsdale Arabian Mare] | | |
| | | | | |
| ------------ --- | | |
| \ / | | |
| -------------------------> | <---------------------------------------> | <------------------- |
| | | | | |
| | ----------------> | <------------------------------------------ | |
| | | | | |
| | | ------------------------------------ | |
\ / | | | \ /
Yellow Bald Peg mare = HAUTBOY Arlington Barb Mare | BYERLEY'S TURK = Charming Jenny
[Chesnut Peg] | [ROCKWOOD] | | [LISTER'S TURK] |
| | [PULLEINE'S WHITE TURK] | | [RUTLAND BLACKLEGS] |
| | [PULLEINE'S OLD ARABIAN] | | 1678 |
| | | | | |
| | | ---------------- ---- -----------------------
| | \ / | | |
Bay Peg mare GREY HAUTBOY = Darcy's Pet Mare PELHAM'S JIGG BROTHER TO SNAKE
by Leedes | [LAYTON GREY BARB] | [Old Grey Royal] [LISTER'S SNAKE] |
Arabian | | [Tregonwell Barb mare] | |
| | | [Darcy's Oldest Royal Mare] | |
| | | [Clubfoot] | |
| | | | |
----------------> | <----------------------- ------------------------ | -------
| | | | | |
BLUE CAP | | CLUMSEY Grey Wilkes | CURWEN'S BAY BARB mare
| | | | [Old Wilkes] | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | \ / \ / | |
mare CHAMPION FOX SON OF JIGG = mare |
| by Harpham Arabian | 1714 [SMITH'S SON OF SNAKE] | |
| | 1707 | | |
-------- ------- | | |
\ / | | |
mare | HENEAGE'S JIGG |
| | | |
---------------- --------------- --------- --------
\ / \ /
BOLTON GOLIAH = mare
1730 | |
| |
| |
HUNT'S JIGG |
| 1741 |
------------ ------------
\ /
JIGG-OF-JIGGS
1745
The inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs is calculated as follows:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| JIGG-OF-JIGGS 28.125 03.45897674560546875 03.585052490234375 (35.16902923583984375) |
HUNT'S JIGG 1.5625 1.000213623046875 0.89626312255859375 (3.45897674560546875) |
BOLTON GOLIAH 0.5859375 0.386810302734375 0.0274658203125 (1.000213623046875) |
FOX 0.25634765625 0.112152099609375 0.018310546875 (0.386810302734375) |
CLUMSEY 0.1007080078125 0.002288818359375 0.0091552734375 (0.112152099609375) |
GREY HAUTBOY (0.002288818359375) |
| Darcy's Pet Mare (0.0091552734375 ) |
|||||
| Bay Peg (0.018310546875) |
LEEDES ARABIAN | ||||
|
Yellow Bald Peg |
|||||
| Champion mare (0.0274658203125) |
CHAMPION (0.0274658203125) |
HARPHAM ARABIAN | |||
| Hautboy mare 0.02288818359375 0.002288818359375 0.002288818359375 (0.0274658203125) |
|||||
| Blue Cap mare | BLUE CAP | ||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare (0.89626312255859375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG | SON OF JIGG | PELHAM'S JIGG | ||
| Grey Wilkes | |||||
| Curwen's Bay Barb mare |
CURWEN'S BAY BARB | ||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | LISTER'S TURK | |||
| Charming Jenny | |||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare 3.125 0.386810302734375 0.0732421875 (3.585052490234375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG (0.386810302734375) |
SON OF JIGG 0.25634765625 0.018310546875 0.112152099609375 (0.386810302734375) |
PELHAM'S JIGG (0.018310546875) |
BYERLEY'S TURK | |
| Charming Jenny (0.018310546875) |
|||||
| Grey Wilkes 0.1007080078125 0.002288818359375 0.0091552734375 (0.112152099609375) |
GREY HAUTBOY (0.002288818359375) |
||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare (0.0091552734375) |
|||||
| Curwen's Bay Barb mare |
CURWEN'S BAY BARB | ||||
| Brother to Snake mare (0.0732421875) |
BROTHER TO SNAKE (0.0732421875) |
LISTER'S TURK | |||
| Charming Jenny (0.0732421875) |
SPANKER | ||||
| Old Morocco Mare | |||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Details of each specific inbreeding:
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Heneage's Jigg mare 2 x 1 = 18.75
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Charming Jenny 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 5 x 5 = 1.5625
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS = 28.125
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 4 x 5 = 2.34375
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 4 x 5 = 2.34375
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to SPANKER 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for HUNT'S JIGG = 6.25
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 4 x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Charming Jenny 4 x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Old Morocco Mare 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for Heneage's Jigg mare = 12.5
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to HAUTBOY 4 x 4 = 3.125
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare (5 x 4) x 5
= 3.125
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK (5 x 4) x 5 = 3.125
Total SIC for BOLTON GOLIAH = 9.375
FOX inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4 x 5) x (5 x 4) = 5.46875
FOX inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Morocco Mare (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Bald Peg 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for FOX = 16.40625
SON OF JIGG inbred to Old Morocco Mare (4 x 3) x (5 x 4) = 7.03125
SON OF JIGG inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4) x (5 x 4
x 5) = 5.46875
SON OF JIGG inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK 4 x (5 x 4) = 3.90625
Total SIC for SON OF JIGG = 16.40625
CLUMSEY inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare 3 x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4) = 7.03125
Total SIC for CLUMSEY = 25.78125
Grey Wilkes inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare 3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4)
= 7.03125
Total SIC for Grey Wilkes = 25.78125
Charming Jenny inbred to Old Morocco Mare 2 x 1 = 18.75
Total SIC for Charming Jenny = 18.75
Darcy's Pet Mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC for Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB 3 x 2 = 9.375
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to Old Bald Peg 3 x 2 = 9.375
Total SIC for Yellow Bald Peg = 18.75
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE 3 x (3 x 4) =
7.8125
Hautboy mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (3 x 4) x 4 = 6.25
Total SIC for Hautboy mare = 23.4375
HAUTBOY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC for HAUTBOY = 9.375
Brimmer mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC for Brimmer mare = 9.375
METHOD ONE
Working forwards through the pedigree
| 6 | HAUTBOY = modified SIC of 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | Brimmer mare = modified SIC of 00.002288818359375 |
| 5 | Darcy's Pet Mare = modified SIC of 00.0091552734375 |
| 5 | Yellow Bald Peg = modified SIC of 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Hautboy mare = modified SIC of 00.02288818359375 + modified SIC for HAUTBOY in generation 6 of 00.002288818359375 + modified SIC for Brimmer mare in generation 6 of 00.002288818359375 = 00.0274658203125 |
| 5 | Charming Jenny = quarter the modified SIC in generation 4 of 00.0732421875
= 00.018310546875 |
| 4 | CLUMSEY = modified SIC of 00.1007080078125 + modified SIC for HAUTBOY in generation 6 of 00.002288818359375 + modified SIC for Darcy's Pet Mare in generation 5 of 00.0091552734375 = 00.112152099609375 |
| 4 | Grey Wilkes = modified SIC of 00.1007080078125 + modified SIC for HAUTBOY in generation 6 of 00.002288818359375 + modified SIC for Darcy's Pet Mare in generation 5 of 00.0091552734375 = 00.112152099609375 |
| 4 | Charming Jenny = modified SIC of 00.0732421875 |
| 3 | FOX = modified SIC of 00.25634765625 + modified CIC for CLUMSEY in generation 4 of 00.112152099609375 + modified SIC for Yellow Bald Peg in generation 5 of 00.018310546875 = 00.386810302734375 |
| 3 | SON OF JIGG = modified SIC of 00.25634765625 + modified SIC for Charming Jenny in generation 5 of 00.018310546875 + modified CIC for Grey Wilkes in generation 4 of 00.112152099609375 = 00.386810302734375 |
| 2 | BOLTON GOLIAH = modified SIC of 00.5859375 + modified CIC for FOX in generation 3 of 00.386810302734375 + modified CIC for Hautboy mare in generation 5 of 00.0274658203125 = 01.000213623046875 |
| 2 | Heneage's Jigg mare = quarter the modified CIC in generation 1 of
03.585052490234375 = 00.89626312255859375 |
| 1 | HUNT'S JIGG = modified SIC of 01.5625 + modified CIC for BOLTON GOLIAH in generation 2 of 01.000213623046875 + modified CIC for Heneage's Jigg mare in generation 2 of 00.89626312255859375 = 03.45897674560546875 |
| 1 | Heneage's Jigg mare = modified SIC of 03.125 + modified CIC for SON OF JIGG in generation 3 of 00.386810302734375 + modified SIC for Charming Jenny in generation 4 of 00.0732421875 = 03.585052490234375 |
| 0 | JIGG-OF-JIGGS = SIC of 28.125 + modified CIC for HUNT'S JIGG in generation 1 of 03.45897674560546875 + modified CIC for Heneage's Jigg mare in generation 1 of 03.585052490234375 = 35.16902923583984375 |
METHOD TWO
Working backwards through the pedigree
| Inbred Horse | SIC | Modified SIC | ||
| 0 | JIGG-OF-JIGGS | 28.125 | 28.125 | |
| 1 | HUNT'S JIGG | 6.25 | ÷ 4 | 01.5625 |
| 1 | Heneage's Jigg mare | 12.5 | ÷ 4 | 03.125 |
| 2 | BOLTON GOLIAH | 9.375 | ÷ 16 | 00.5859375 |
| 2 | Heneage's Jigg mare | 12.5 | ÷ 16 | 00.78125 |
| 3 | FOX | 16.40625 | ÷ 64 | 00.25634765625 |
| 3 | SON OF JIGG | 16.40625 | ÷ 64 | 00.25634765625 |
| 4 | CLUMSEY | 25.78125 | ÷ 256 | 00.1007080078125 |
| 4 | SON OF JIGG | 16.40625 | ÷ 256 | 00.0640869140625 |
| 4 | Grey Wilkes | 25.78125 | ÷ 256 | 00.1007080078125 |
| 4 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 256 | 00.0732421875 |
| 5 | Darcy's Pet Mare | 9.375 | ÷ 1024 | 00.0091552734375 |
| 5 | Yellow Bald Peg | 18.75 | ÷ 1024 | 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Hautboy mare | 23.4375 | ÷ 1024 | 00.02288818359375 |
| 5 | Grey Wilkes | 25.78125 | ÷ 1024 | 00.025177001953125 |
| 5 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 1024 | 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 1024 | 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Darcy's Pet Mare | 9.375 | ÷ 1024 | 00.0091552734375 |
| 6 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | Brimmer mare | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 4096 | 00.00457763671875 |
| 6 | Darcy's Pet Mare | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 7 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 16384 | 00.00057220458984375 |
| CIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS | 35.16902923583984375 | |||
METHOD THREE
Register of Inbreeding Coefficients
The figure of 35.16902923583984375, arrived at by both Method One and Method Two above, is the cumulative inbreeding coefficent for Jigg-of-Jiggs and includes all the inbreeding in his pedigree back as far as records allow. The standard inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs of 28.125 is only four fifths of this total, so it is clear that the inbreeding carried forward from previous generations is still valid but the methods of calculation are cumbersome and time consuming.
It is proposed that a Register of Inbreeding Coefficients of all stallions and mares be compiled, so that any Thoroughbred's cumulative inbreeding coefficient may be found by first calculating the standard inbreeding coefficient and adding to it one quarter the value of each of the parents cumulative inbreeding coefficients as taken from the register.
Using this method and beginning with the earliest inbred ancestor, the cumulative inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs is calculated as follows:
| Brimmer mare (9.375) |
BRIMMER (0) |
DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Diamond mare (0) |
|||||
| Pierson's Bay Mare | MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE * | ||||
Brimmer mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S
GRANDSIRE 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for Brimmer mare = 9.375
| HAUTBOY (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK (0) |
HELMSLEY TURK * | |||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare (0) |
|||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
HAUTBOY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY
TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for HAUTBOY = 9.375
| Hautboy mare (23.4375) |
HAUTBOY |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK ** | ||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK *** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB ** | ||||
| Brimmer mare (9.375) |
BRIMMER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK *** |
|||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | DARCY'S DIAMOND * | HELMSLEY TURK ** | |||
| Pierson's Bay Mare | MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE*** | ||||
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S
WHITE TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE 3 x (3 x 4) =
7.8125
Hautboy mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (3 x 4) x 4 = 6.25
Total SIC for Hautboy mare = 23.4375
HAUTBOY = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Brimmer mare = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Total CIC for Hautboy mare = 28.125
| Yellow Bald Peg (18.75) |
SPANKER (0) |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg ** | |||||
| Leedes Bald Peg (0) |
FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg ** | |||||
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB 3 x 2 = 9.375
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to Old Bald Peg 3 x 2 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for Yellow Bald Peg = 18.75
| Darcy's Pet Mare (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK (0) |
HELMSLEY TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal (0) |
|||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
Darcy's Pet Mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY
TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375
| Charming Jenny (18.75) |
SPANKER (0) |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare * (0) |
|||||
Charming Jenny inbred to Old Morocco Mare 2 x 1 = 18.75
Total SIC and CIC for Charming Jenny = 18.75
| Grey Wilkes (25.78125) |
GREY HAUTBOY (2.34375) |
HAUTBOY (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
Grey Wilkes inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare
3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4)
= 7.03125
Total SIC for Grey Wilkes = 25.78125
GREY HAUTBOY = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375 ÷ 4 = 0.5859375
Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Total CIC for Grey Wilkes = 28.7109375
| CLUMSEY (25.78125) |
GREY HAUTBOY (2.34375) |
HAUTBOY (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
CLUMSEY inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare 3
x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4) = 7.03125
Total SIC for CLUMSEY = 25.78125
GREY HAUTBOY = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375 ÷ 4 = 0.5859375
Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Total CIC for CLUMSEY = 28.7109375
| SON OF JIGG (16.40625) |
PELHAM'S JIGG (4.6875) |
||||
| Charming Jenny (18.75) |
SPANKER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
|||
| Old Morocco Mare * | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Grey Wilkes (28.7109375) |
GREY HAUTBOY | HAUTBOY | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | |||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
SON OF JIGG inbred to Old Morocco Mare (4 x 3) x (5 x 4) = 7.03125
SON OF JIGG inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4) x (5 x 4
x 5) = 5.46875
SON OF JIGG inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK 4 x (5 x 4) = 3.90625
Total SIC for SON OF JIGG = 16.40625
PELHAM'S JIGG = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 ÷ 4 = 1.171875
Grey Wilkes =28.7109375 ÷ 4 = 7.177734375
Total CIC for SON OF JIGG = 24.755859375
| FOX (16.40625) |
CLUMSEY (28.7109375) |
GREY HAUTBOY | HAUTBOY | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK * |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg **** | |||||
| Bay Peg (4.6875) |
|||||
| Yellow Bald Peg (18.75) |
SPANKER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
|||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg **** | |||||
| Leedes Bald Peg | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg **** | |||||
FOX inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4 x
5) x (5 x 4) = 5.46875
FOX inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Morocco Mare (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Bald Peg 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for FOX = 16.40625
CLUMSEY = 28.7109375 ÷ 4 = 7.177734375
Bay Peg = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 ÷ 4 = 1.171875
Total CIC for FOX = 24.755859375
| BOLTON GOLIAH (9.375) |
FOX (24.755859375) |
CLUMSEY | GREY HAUTBOY | HAUTBOY * | DARCY'S WHITE TURK ** |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare *** | |||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare | DARCY'S WHITE TURK ** | ||||
| Darcy's Grey Royal *** | |||||
| Champion mare (1.7578125) |
CHAMPION (7.03125) |
||||
| Hautboy mare (28.125) |
HAUTBOY * | DARCY'S WHITE TURK ** | |||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare *** | |||||
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian
Mare (5 x 4) x 5 = 3.125
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK (5 x 4) x 5 = 3.125
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to HAUTBOY 4 x 4 = 3.125
Total SIC for BOLTON GOLIAH = 9.375
FOX = 24.755859375 ÷ 4 = 6.18896484375
Champion mare = 28.125 ÷ 4 = 7.03125 ÷ 4 = 1.7578125 ÷ 4 = 0.439453125
Total CIC for BOLTON GOLIAH = 16.00341796875
| Heneage's Jigg mare (12.5) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG (6.18896484375) |
SON OF JIGG (24.755859375) |
PELHAM'S JIGG | BYERLEY'S TURK * | |
| Charming Jenny ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare (1.171875) |
BROTHER TO SNAKE (4.6875) |
LISTER'S TURK * | |||
| Charming Jenny ** (18.75) |
SPANKER | ||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 4
x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Charming Jenny 4 x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Old Morocco Mare 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for Heneage's Jigg mare = 12.5
HENEAGE'S JIGG = 24.755859375 ÷ 4 = 6.18896484375 ÷ 4 = 1.5472412109375
Brother to Snake mare = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 ÷ 4 = 1.171875 ÷ 4 = 0.29296875
Total CIC for Heneage's Jigg mare = 14.3402099609375
| HUNT'S JIGG (6.25) |
BOLTON GOLIAH (16.00341796875) |
FOX | CLUMSEY | GREY HAUTBOY * | |
| Darcy's Pet Mare ** | |||||
| Bay Peg | |||||
| Yellow Bald Peg | SPANKER *** | ||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare (14.3402099609375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG | SON OF JIGG | |||
| Grey Wilkes | GREY HAUTBOY * | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare ** | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | ||||
| Charming Jenny | SPANKER *** | ||||
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 4 x 5 = 2.34375
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 4 x 5 = 2.34375
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to SPANKER 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for HUNT'S JIGG = 6.25
BOLTON GOLIAH = 16.00341796875 ÷ 4 = 4.0008544921875
Heneage's Jigg mare = 14.3402099609375 ÷ 4 = 3.585052490234375
Total CIC for HUNT'S JIGG = 13.835906982421875
| JIGG-OF-JIGGS (28.125) |
HUNT'S JIGG (13.835906982421875) |
BOLTON GOLIAH | FOX | CLUMSEY | GREY HAUTBOY ** |
| Darcy's Pet Mare *** | |||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare * | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | LISTER'S TURK **** | |||
| Charming Jenny ***** | |||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare * (14.3402099609375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG | SON OF JIGG | PELHAM'S JIGG | BYERLEY'S TURK **** | |
| Charming Jenny ***** | |||||
| Grey Wilkes | GREY HAUTBOY ** | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare *** | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | LISTER'S TURK **** | |||
| Charming Jenny ***** | |||||
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Heneage's Jigg mare 2 x
1 = 18.75
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Charming Jenny 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 5 x 5 = 1.5625
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS = 28.125
HUNT'S JIGG = 13.835906982421875 ÷ 4 = 3.45897674560546875
Heneage's Jigg mare = 14.3402099609375 ÷ 4 = 3.585052490234375
Total CIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS = 35.16902923583984375
1. Compile a five generation pedigree and calculate the Standard Inbreeding Coefficient to two decimal places.
2. Add the Cumulative Inbreeding Coefficients of the sire and dam together and divide by four.
3. Add this figure to the Standard Inbreeding Coefficient and round to two decimal places.
Using this method and beginning with the earliest inbred ancestor, the cumulative inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs is calculated as follows:
Brimmer mare
Total SIC = 9.38
Total CIC = 9.38
HAUTBOY
Total SIC = 9.38
Total CIC = 9.38
Hautboy mare (Hautboy oo Brimmer mare)
Total SIC = 23.44
Total CIC = 9.38 + 9.38 = 18.76 ÷ 4 = 4.69 + 23.44 = 28.13
Yellow Bald Peg
Total SIC = 18.75
Total CIC = 18.75
Darcy's Pet Mare
Total SIC = 9.38
Total CIC = 9.38
Charming Jenny
Total SIC = 18.75
Total CIC = 18.75
GREY HAUTBOY (by Hautboy)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 9.38 + 0 = 9.38 ÷ 4 = 2.345 + 0 = 2.345
= 2.35
Grey Wilkes (Grey Hautboy oo Darcy's Pet Mare)
Total SIC = 25.78
Total CIC = 2.35 + 9.38 = 11.73 ÷ 4 = 2.9325 + 25.78 = 28.7125 = 28.71
CLUMSEY (Grey Hautboy oo Darcy's Pet Mare)
Total SIC = 25.78
Total CIC = 2.35 + 9.38 = 11.73 ÷ 4 = 2.9325 + 25.78 = 28.7125 = 28.71
PELHAM'S JIGG (oo Charming Jenny)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 18.75 = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 + 0 = 4.6875 = 4.69
SON OF JIGG (Pelham's Jigg oo Grey Wilkes)
Total SIC = 16.41
Total CIC = 4.69 + 28.71= 33.40 ÷ 4 = 8.35 + 16.41 = 24.76
Bay Peg (oo Yellow Bald Peg)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 18.75 = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 +
0 = 4.6875 = 4.69
FOX (Clumsey oo Bay Peg)
Total SIC = 16.41
Total CIC = 28.71 + 4.69 = 33.40 ÷ 4 = 8.35 + 16.41 = 24.76
CHAMPION (oo Hautboy mare)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 28.13 = 28.13 ÷ 4 = 7.0325 + 0
= 7.0325 = 7.03
Champion mare (by Champion)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 7.03 + 0 = 7.03 ÷ 4 =
1.7575 + 0 = 1.7575 = 1.76
BOLTON GOLIAH (Fox oo Champion mare)
Total SIC = 9.38
Total CIC = 24.76 + 1.76 = 26.52 ÷ 4 = 6.63 + 9.38 =
16.01
HENEAGE'S JIGG (by Son of Jigg)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 24.76 + 0 = 24.76 ÷ 4 = 6.19 + 0 = 6.19
BROTHER TO SNAKE (oo Charming Jenny)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 18.75 = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 + 0 = 4.6875 = 4.69
Brother to Snake mare (by Brother to Snake)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 4.69 + 0 = 4.69 ÷ 4 = 1.1725 + 0 = 1.1725 = 1.17
Heneage's Jigg mare (Heneage's Jigg oo Brother to Snake mare)
Total SIC = 12.50
Total CIC = 6.19 + 1.17 = 7.36 ÷ 4 = 1.84 + 12.50 = 14.34
HUNT'S JIGG (Bolton Goliah oo Heneage's Jigg mare)
Total SIC = 6.25
Total CIC = 16.01 + 14.34 = 30.35 ÷ 4 = 7.5875 + 6.25 = 13.8375 = 13.84
JIGG-OF-JIGGS (Hunt's Jigg oo Heneage's Jigg mare)
Total SIC = 28.13
Total CIC = 13.84 + 14.34 = 28.18 ÷ 4 = 7.045 + 28.13 = 35.175 = 35.18
The difference between 35.18 and 35.16902923583984375 of less than 0.011 is negligible.
ADDITIONAL ANCESTORS FOR JIGG-OF-JIGGS
New information has come to light which suggests a probable pedigree for the
Blue Cap mare, grandam of the Bolton Goliah. The links between the Piersons,
the Stricklands and the Dukes of Bolton are multiplied plus the level of inbreeding
is maintained.
See MERLIN, SMILING TOM, HIGHLANDER
AND WOODCOCK for more information.
This new information has been added to the pedigree of Jigg-of-Jiggs and the Coefficient of Inbreeding recalculated.
THE COMPLETE PEDIGREE OF JIGG-OF-JIGGS
(including the pedigree of the Blue Cap mare)
FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB = Old Bald Peg
[HELMSLEY TURK] |
| |
-------------------------------> | <--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | |
Leedes Bald Peg | Lawson's Barb Mare = DARCY'S YELLOW TURK = Old Morocco Mare
[Young Bald Peg] | [Dodsworth's dam] | [DODSWORTH] | |
| | [Merlin's grandam] | [MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE] | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
----- | ------------------- --------------- | |
| | | | | | | |
| DARCY'S WHITE TURK = Pierson's Bay mare mare = OGLETHORPE'S ARABIAN | Barb Mare | |
| [DARCY'S DIAMOND] | | [ALBEMARLE GREY ARABIAN] | | | |
| [PLACE'S WHITE TURK] | | | | | |
| [BURNET'S WHITE BARB] ----------------------------------> | <------------ | | | |
| [PLACE'S WHITE TRUGUNWELL TURK] | | | | | |
| | 1668 | | | | | |
| -----------------> | <--------------------------------------------------- | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | -----------------------------------------------> | <--------> | <---> | <--------------- |
| | | | | \ / | |
| | | Darcy's Grey Royal mare = BRIMMER SPANKER |
| | | [Lonsdale Arabian Mare] | | |
| | | | | | |
| | ------------ --- | | |
| | \ / | | |
| --------> | <---------------------------> | <---------------------------------------------------------> | <---------------------------- |
| | | | | | |
| | | -----------------> | <------------------------------------------------------------ | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | ------------------------------------ --- ---
\ / | | | | \ /
Yellow Bald Peg MAKELESS = mare = HAUTBOY Arlington Barb Mare | Brisk's dam = BYERLEY'S TURK = Charming Jenny
[Chesnut Peg] | | [ROCKWOOD] | | | [LISTER'S TURK] |
| | | [PULLEINE'S WHITE TURK] | | | [RUTLAND BLACKLEGS] |
| | | [PULLEINE'S OLD ARABIAN] | | | 1678 |
| | | | | | | |
| ------> | <-------- | ---------------- ---- | ----------------------
| | | \ / | | | |
Bay Peg mare mare = GREY HAUTBOY = Darcy's Pet Mare ACASTER TURK PELHAM'S JIGG BROTHER TO SNAKE
by Leedes | | [LAYTON GREY BARB] | [Old Grey Royal] [CONEYSKINS] [LISTER'S SNAKE] |
Arabian | | | [Tregonwell Barb mare] | | |
| | | | [Darcy's Oldest Royal Mare] | | |
| | ----------- | [Clubfoot] | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| --------> | <------------- ------------------> | <------------------------------------- | |
| | | \ / | | |
-------------> | <-----> | <------------> | <-------------- ----------------------------------------------- | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| mare = BLUE CAP | CLUMSEY CURWEN'S BAY BARB Grey Wilkes | mare
| | [TERROR] | | | [Old Wilkes] | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | \ / | \ / |
CHAMPION mare FOX mare = SON OF JIGG |
by Harpham Arabian | | 1714 | [SMITH'S SON OF SNAKE] |
| 1707 | | | |
-------- ------- | | |
\ / | | |
mare | HENEAGE'S JIGG |
| | | |
---------------- --------------- -------------------- --------------------
\ / \ /
BOLTON GOLIAH = mare
1730 | |
| |
| |
HUNT'S JIGG |
| 1741 |
----------------- -----------------
\ /
JIGG-OF-JIGGS
1745
The inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs is calculated as follows:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| JIGG-OF-JIGGS 28.125 04.56027984619140625 03.585052490234375 (36.27033233642578125) |
HUNT'S JIGG 01.7578125 01.9062042236328125 00.89626312255859375 (04.56027984619140625) |
BOLTON GOLIAH 00.9765625 00.386810302734375 00.5428314208984375 (01.9062042236328125) |
FOX 00.25634765625 00.112152099609375 00.018310546875 (00.386810302734375) |
CLUMSEY 00.1007080078125 00.002288818359375 00.0091552734375 (00.112152099609375) |
GREY HAUTBOY (00.002288818359375) |
| Darcy's Pet Mare (00.0091552734375 ) |
|||||
| Bay Peg (00.018310546875) |
LEEDES ARABIAN | ||||
|
Yellow Bald Peg |
|||||
| Champion mare 00.40283203125 00.0274658203125 00.1125335693359375 (00.5428314208984375) |
CHAMPION (00.0274658203125) |
HARPHAM ARABIAN | |||
| Hautboy mare (00.0274658203125) |
|||||
| Blue Cap mare 00.08544921875 00.006866455078125 00.0202178955078125 (00.1125335693359375) |
BLUE CAP (00.006866455078125) |
||||
| Grey Hautboy mare (00.0202178955078125) |
|||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare 00.78125 00.09670257568359375 00.018310546875 (00.89626312255859375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG (00.09670257568359375) |
SON OF JIGG 00.0640869140625 00.00457763671875 00.02803802490234375 (00.09670257568359375) |
PELHAM'S JIGG (00.00457763671875) |
||
| Grey Wilkes (00.02803802490234375) |
|||||
| Curwen's Bay Barb mare |
CURWEN'S BAY BARB | ||||
| Brother to Snake mare (00.018310546875) |
BROTHER TO SNAKE (00.018310546875) |
LISTER'S TURK | |||
| Charming Jenny (00.018310546875) |
|||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare (03.585052490234375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG | SON OF JIGG | PELHAM'S JIGG | BYERLEY'S TURK | |
| Charming Jenny | |||||
| Grey Wilkes | GREY HAUTBOY | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare | |||||
| Curwen's Bay Barb mare |
CURWEN'S BAY BARB | ||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | LISTER'S TURK | |||
| Charming Jenny | SPANKER | ||||
| Old Morocco Mare | |||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Details of each specific inbreeding:
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Heneage's Jigg mare 2 x 1 = 18.75
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Charming Jenny 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 5 x 5 = 1.5625
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS = 28.125
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to GREY HAUTBOY (4 x 5) x 5 = 3.125
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 4 x 5 = 2.34375
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to SPANKER 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for HUNT'S JIGG = 7.03125
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 3 x 4 = 4.6875
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to HAUTBOY 4 x (4 x 5 x 5) = 4.6875
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare (5 x 4) x 5
= 3.125
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK (5 x 4) x 5 = 3.125
Total SIC for BOLTON GOLIAH = 15.625
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 4 x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Charming Jenny 4 x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Old Morocco Mare 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for Heneage's Jigg mare = 12.5
FOX inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4 x 5) x (5 x 4) =
5.46875
FOX inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Morocco Mare (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Bald Peg 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for FOX = 16.40625
Champion mare inbred to Hautboy mare 2 x 3 = 9.375
Champion mare inbred to Brimmer mare 3 x (4 x 4) = 6.25
Champion mare inbred to HAUTBOY 3 x (4 x 4) = 6.25
Champion mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK (4 x 5) x (5 x 5)
= 3.90625
Total SIC for Champion mare = 25.78125
CLUMSEY inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare 3 x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4) = 7.03125
Total SIC for CLUMSEY = 25.78125
Blue Cap mare inbred to Brimmer mare 3 x 3 = 6.25
Blue Cap mare inbred to HAUTBOY 3 x 3 = 6.25
Blue Cap mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK (4 x 5) x (4 x 5)
= 4.6875
Blue Cap mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (5 x 5) x (5 x 5 x 5 x 5) = 4.6875
Total SIC for Blue Cap mare = 21.875
SON OF JIGG inbred to Old Morocco Mare (4 x 3) x (5 x 4) = 7.03125
SON OF JIGG inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4) x (5 x 4
x 5) = 5.46875
SON OF JIGG inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK 4 x (5 x 4) = 3.90625
Total SIC for SON OF JIGG = 16.40625
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB 3 x 2 = 9.375
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to Old Bald Peg 3 x 2 = 9.375
Total SIC for Yellow Bald Peg = 18.75
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE 3 x (3 x 4) =
7.8125
Hautboy mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (3 x 4) x 4 = 6.25
Total SIC for Hautboy mare = 23.4375
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE
4 x (4 x 4 x 4 x 5) = 7.03125
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 4 = 4.6875
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x 5
= 3.125
Total SIC for Grey Hautboy mare = 14.84375
Grey Wilkes inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare 3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4)
= 7.03125
Total SIC for Grey Wilkes = 25.78125
Darcy's Pet Mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC for Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375
Charming Jenny inbred to Old Morocco Mare 2 x 1 = 18.75
Total SIC for Charming Jenny = 18.75
HAUTBOY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK 2 x 3 =
9.375
Total SIC for HAUTBOY = 9.375
Makeless mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE
(3 x 3) x (3 x 4) = 10.9375
Makeless mare inbred to Lawson's Barb Mare 3 x 4 = 4.6875
Total SIC for Makeless mare = 15.625
MAKELESS inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK 2 x 2 = 12.5
Total SIC for MAKELESS = 12.5
Brimmer mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC for Brimmer mare = 9.375
METHOD ONE
Working forwards through the pedigree
| 7 | HAUTBOY = modified SIC of 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | Brimmer mare = modified SIC of 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | MAKELESS = modified SIC of 00.000762939453125 |
| 6 | Hautboy mare = modified SIC of 00.0057220458984375 + modified SIC for HAUTBOY in generation 7 of 00.00057220458984375 + modified SIC for Brimmer mare in generation 7 of 00.00057220458984375 = 00.006866455078125 |
| 6 | Makeless mare = modified SIC of 00.003814697265625 + modified SIC for MAKELESS in generation 7 of 00.000762939453125 + modified SIC for Brimmer mare in generation 7 of 00.00057220458984375 = 00.00514984130859375 |
| 6 | Charming Jenny = modified SIC of 00.00457763671875 |
| 6 | Darcy's Pet Mare = modified SIC of 00.002288818359375 |
| 5 | Yellow Bald Peg = modified SIC of 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Grey Hautboy mare = modified SIC of 00.014495849609375 + modified SIC for HAUTBOY in generation 7 of 00.00057220458984375 + modified CIC for Makeless mare in generation 6 of 00.00514984130859375 = 00.0202178955078125 |
| 5 | Grey Wilkes = modified SIC of 00.025177001953125 + modified SIC for HAUTBOY in generation 7 of 00.00057220458984375 + modified SIC for Darcy's Pet Mare in generation 6 of 00.002288818359375 = 00.02803802490234375 |
| 4 | CLUMSEY = modified SIC of 00.1007080078125 + 4 x modified SIC for HAUTBOY in generation 7 = 00.002288818359375 + 4 x modified SIC for Darcy's Pet Mare in generation 6 = 00.0091552734375 = 00.112152099609375 |
| 4 |
Blue Cap mare = modified SIC of |
| 4 | SON OF JIGG = modified SIC of 00.0640869140625 + modified SIC for Charming Jenny in generation 6 of 00.00457763671875 + modified CIC for Grey Wilkes in generation 5 of 00.02803802490234375 = 00.09670257568359375 |
| 3 | FOX = modified SIC of 00.25634765625 + modified CIC for CLUMSEY in generation 4 of 00.112152099609375 + modified SIC for Yellow Bald Peg in generation 5 of 00.018310546875 = 00.386810302734375 |
| 3 | Champion mare = modified SIC of 00.40283203125 + 4 x modified CIC for Hautboy mare in generation 6 = 00.0274658203125 + modified CIC for Blue Cap mare in generation 4 of 00.1125335693359375 = 00.5428314208984375 |
| 2 | BOLTON GOLIAH = modified SIC of 00.9765625 + modified CIC for FOX in generation 3 of 00.386810302734375 + modified CIC for Champion mare in generation 3 of 00.5428314208984375 = 01.9062042236328125 |
| 2 | Heneage's Jigg mare = modified SIC of 00.78125 + modified CIC for SON OF JIGG in generation 4 of 00.09670257568359375 + 4 x the modified SIC for Charming Jenny in generation 6 = 00.018310546875 = 00.89626312255859375 |
| 1 | HUNT'S JIGG = modified SIC of 01.7578125 + modified CIC for BOLTON GOLIAH in generation 2 of 01.9062042236328125 + modified CIC for Heneage's Jigg mare in generation 2 of 00.89626312255859375 = 04.56027984619140625 |
| 1 | Heneage's Jigg mare = 4 x the modified CIC in generation 2 = 03.585052490234375 |
| 0 | JIGG-OF-JIGGS = SIC of 28.125 + modified CIC for HUNT'S JIGG in generation 1 of 04.56027984619140625 + modified CIC for Heneage's Jigg mare in generation 1 of 03.585052490234375 = 36.27033233642578125 |
METHOD TWO
Working backwards through the pedigree
| Inbred Horse | SIC | Modified SIC | ||
| 0 | JIGG-OF-JIGGS | 28.125 | 28.125 | |
| 1 | HUNT'S JIGG | 7.03125 | ÷ 4 | 01.7578125 |
| 1 | Heneage's Jigg mare | 12.5 | ÷ 4 | 03.125 |
| 2 | BOLTON GOLIAH | 15.625 | ÷ 16 | 00.9765625 |
| 2 | Heneage's Jigg mare | 12.5 | ÷ 16 | 00.78125 |
| 3 | FOX | 16.40625 | ÷ 64 | 00.25634765625 |
| 3 | Champion mare | 25.78125 | ÷ 64 | 00.40283203125 |
| 3 | SON OF JIGG | 16.40625 | ÷ 64 | 00.25634765625 |
| 4 | CLUMSEY | 25.78125 | ÷ 256 | 00.1007080078125 |
| 4 | Blue Cap mare | 21.875 | ÷ 256 | 00.08544921875 |
| 4 | SON OF JIGG | 16.40625 | ÷ 256 | 00.0640869140625 |
| 4 | Grey Wilkes | 25.78125 | ÷ 256 | 00.1007080078125 |
| 4 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 256 | 00.0732421875 |
| 5 | Darcy's Pet Mare | 9.375 | ÷ 1024 | 00.0091552734375 |
| 5 | Yellow Bald Peg | 18.75 | ÷ 1024 | 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Hautboy mare | 23.4375 | ÷ 1024 | 00.02288818359375 |
| 5 | Grey Hautboy mare | 14.84375 | ÷ 1024 | 00.014495849609375 |
| 5 | Grey Wilkes | 25.78125 | ÷ 1024 | 00.025177001953125 |
| 5 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 1024 | 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 1024 | 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Darcy's Pet Mare | 9.375 | ÷ 1024 | 00.0091552734375 |
| 6 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | Brimmer mare | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | Hautboy mare | 23.4375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.0057220458984375 |
| 6 | Makeless mare | 15.625 | ÷ 4096 | 00.003814697265625 |
| 6 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 4096 | 00.00457763671875 |
| 6 | Darcy's Pet Mare | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 7 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 16384 | 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | Brimmer mare | 9.375 | ÷ 16384 | 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 16384 | 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | MAKELESS | 12.5 | ÷ 16384 | 00.000762939453125 |
| 7 | Brimmer mare | 9.375 | ÷ 16384 | 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 16384 | 00.00057220458984375 |
| CIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS | 36.27033233642578125 | |||
METHOD THREE
Register of Inbreeding Coefficients
The figure of 36.27033233642578125, arrived at by both Method One and Method Two above, is the cumulative inbreeding coefficent for Jigg-of-Jiggs and includes all the inbreeding in his pedigree back as far as records allow. The standard inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs of 28.125 is only four fifths of this total, so it is clear that the inbreeding carried forward from previous generations is still valid but the methods of calculation are cumbersome and time consuming.
It is proposed that a Register of Inbreeding Coefficients of all stallions and mares be compiled, so that any Thoroughbred's cumulative inbreeding coefficient may be found by first calculating the standard inbreeding coefficient and adding to it one quarter the value of each of the parents cumulative inbreeding coefficients as taken from the register.
Using this method and beginning with the earliest inbred ancestor, the cumulative inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs is calculated as follows:
| HAUTBOY (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK (0) |
HELMSLEY TURK * | |||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare (0) |
|||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
HAUTBOY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY
TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for HAUTBOY = 9.375
| Brimmer mare (9.375) |
BRIMMER (0) |
DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Diamond mare (0) |
|||||
| Pierson's Bay Mare | MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE * | ||||
Brimmer mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S
GRANDSIRE 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for Brimmer mare = 9.375
| MAKELESS (12.5) |
OGLETHORPE'S ARABIAN (0) |
DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Yellow Turk mare (0) |
DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | ||||
MAKELESS inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK 2 x 2 = 12.5
Total SIC and CIC for MAKELESS = 12.5
| Hautboy mare (23.4375) |
HAUTBOY |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK ** | ||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK *** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB ** | ||||
| Brimmer mare (9.375) |
BRIMMER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK *** |
|||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | DARCY'S DIAMOND * | HELMSLEY TURK ** | |||
| Pierson's Bay Mare | MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE*** | ||||
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S
WHITE TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE 3 x (3 x 4) =
7.8125
Hautboy mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (3 x 4) x 4 = 6.25
Total SIC for Hautboy mare = 23.4375
HAUTBOY = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Brimmer mare = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Total CIC for Hautboy mare = 28.125
| Makeless mare (15.625) |
MAKELESS (12.5) |
OGLETHORPE'S ARABIAN | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | ||
| Darcy's Yellow Turk mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | ||||
| Lawson's Barb Mare ** | |||||
| Brimmer mare (9.375) |
BRIMMER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | |||||
| Pierson's Bay Mare | MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE * | ||||
| Lawson's Barb Mare ** | |||||
Makeless mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE
(3 x 3) x (3 x 4) = 10.9375
Makeless mare inbred to Lawson's Barb Mare 3 x 4 = 4.6875
Total SIC for Makeless mare = 15.625
MAKELESS = 12.5 ÷ 4 = 3.125
Brimmer mare = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Total CIC for Makeless mare = 21.09375
| Charming Jenny (18.75) |
SPANKER (0) |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare * (0) |
|||||
Charming Jenny inbred to Old Morocco Mare 2 x 1 = 18.75
Total SIC and CIC for Charming Jenny = 18.75
| Darcy's Pet Mare (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK (0) |
HELMSLEY TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal (0) |
|||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
Darcy's Pet Mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY
TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375
| Yellow Bald Peg (18.75) |
SPANKER (0) |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg ** | |||||
| Leedes Bald Peg (0) |
FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg ** | |||||
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB 3 x 2 = 9.375
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to Old Bald Peg 3 x 2 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for Yellow Bald Peg = 18.75
| Grey Hautboy mare (14.84375) |
GREY HAUTBOY (2.34375) |
HAUTBOY (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** | ||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Makeless mare (21.09375) |
MAKELESS | OGLETHORPE'S ARABIAN | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** | ||
| Darcy's Yellow Turk mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** | ||||
| Brimmer mare | BRIMMER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** | |||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | DARCY'S DIAMOND * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |||
| Pierson's Bay Mare | MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE ** | ||||
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE
4 x (4 x 4 x 4 x 5) = 7.03125
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 4 = 4.6875
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x 5
= 3.125
Total SIC for Grey Hautboy mare = 14.84375
GREY HAUTBOY = 2.34375 ÷ 4 = 0.5859375
Makeless mare = 21.09375 ÷ 4 = 5.2734375
Total CIC for Grey Hautboy mare = 20.703125
| Grey Wilkes (25.78125) |
GREY HAUTBOY (2.34375) |
HAUTBOY (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
Grey Wilkes inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare
3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4)
= 7.03125
Total SIC for Grey Wilkes = 25.78125
GREY HAUTBOY = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375 ÷ 4 = 0.5859375
Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Total CIC for Grey Wilkes = 28.7109375
| CLUMSEY (25.78125) |
GREY HAUTBOY (2.34375) |
HAUTBOY (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
CLUMSEY inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare 3
x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4) = 7.03125
Total SIC for CLUMSEY = 25.78125
GREY HAUTBOY = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375 ÷ 4 = 0.5859375
Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Total CIC for CLUMSEY = 28.7109375
| Blue Cap mare (20.3125) |
BLUE CAP (7.03125) |
||||
| Hautboy mare (28.125) |
HAUTBOY * | DARCY'S WHITE TURK *** | |||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | ||||
| Brimmer mare ** | BRIMMER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | |||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | DARCY'S DIAMOND *** | ||||
| Grey Hautboy mare (20.703125) |
GREY HAUTBOY | HAUTBOY * | DARCY'S WHITE TURK *** | ||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | ||||
| Makeless mare | MAKELESS | OGLETHORPE'S ARABIAN | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | ||
| Darcy's Yellow Turk mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | ||||
| Brimmer mare ** | BRIMMER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | |||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | DARCY'S DIAMOND *** | ||||
Blue Cap mare inbred to Brimmer mare 3 x 3 = 6.25
Blue Cap mare inbred to HAUTBOY 3 x 3 = 6.25
Blue Cap mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK (4 x 5) x (4 x 5)
= 4.6875
Blue Cap mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (5 x 5) x
(5 x 5 x 5 x 5) = 4.6875
Total SIC for Blue Cap mare = 21.875
BLUE CAP = 28.125 ÷ 4 = 7.03125 ÷ 4 = 1.7578125
Grey Hautboy mare = 20.703125 ÷ 4 = 5.17578125
Total CIC for Blue Cap mare = 28.80859375
| SON OF JIGG (16.40625) |
PELHAM'S JIGG (4.6875) |
||||
| Charming Jenny (18.75) |
SPANKER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
|||
| Old Morocco Mare * | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Grey Wilkes (28.7109375) |
GREY HAUTBOY | HAUTBOY | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | |||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
SON OF JIGG inbred to Old Morocco Mare (4 x 3) x (5 x 4) = 7.03125
SON OF JIGG inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4) x (5 x 4
x 5) = 5.46875
SON OF JIGG inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK 4 x (5 x 4) = 3.90625
Total SIC for SON OF JIGG = 16.40625
PELHAM'S JIGG = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 ÷ 4 = 1.171875
Grey Wilkes =28.7109375 ÷ 4 = 7.177734375
Total CIC for SON OF JIGG = 24.755859375
| FOX (16.40625) |
CLUMSEY (28.7109375) |
GREY HAUTBOY | HAUTBOY | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK * |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg **** | |||||
| Bay Peg (4.6875) |
|||||
| Yellow Bald Peg (18.75) |
SPANKER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
|||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg **** | |||||
| Leedes Bald Peg | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg **** | |||||
FOX inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4 x
5) x (5 x 4) = 5.46875
FOX inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Morocco Mare (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Bald Peg 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for FOX = 16.40625
CLUMSEY = 28.7109375 ÷ 4 = 7.177734375
Bay Peg = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 ÷ 4 = 1.171875
Total CIC for FOX = 24.755859375
| Champion mare (25.78125) |
CHAMPION (7.03125) |
||||
| Hautboy mare * (28.125) |
HAUTBOY ** | DARCY'S WHITE TURK **** | |||
| Brimmer mare *** | |||||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | DARCY'S DIAMOND **** | ||||
| Blue Cap mare (28.80859375) |
BLUE CAP | ||||
| Hautboy mare * | HAUTBOY ** | DARCY'S WHITE TURK **** | |||
| Brimmer mare *** | |||||
| Grey Hautboy mare | GREY HAUTBOY | HAUTBOY ** | DARCY'S WHITE TURK **** | ||
| Makeless mare | |||||
| Brimmer mare *** | |||||
Champion mare inbred to Hautboy mare 2 x 3 = 9.375
Champion mare inbred to Brimmer mare 3 x (4 x 4) = 6.25
Champion mare inbred to HAUTBOY 3 x (4 x 4) = 6.25
Champion mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK (4 x 5) x (5 x 5)
= 3.90625
Total SIC for Champion mare = 25.78125
CHAMPION = 28.125 ÷ 4 = 7.03125 ÷ 4 = 1.7578125
Blue Cap mare = 28.80859375 ÷ 4 = 7.2021484375
Total CIC for Champion mare = 34.7412109375
| BOLTON GOLIAH (15.625) |
FOX (24.755859375) |
CLUMSEY | GREY HAUTBOY * | HAUTBOY ** | DARCY'S WHITE TURK *** |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare **** | |||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare | DARCY'S WHITE TURK *** | ||||
| Darcy's Grey Royal **** | |||||
| Champion mare (34.7412109375) |
CHAMPION | ||||
| Hautboy mare | HAUTBOY ** | DARCY'S WHITE TURK *** | |||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare **** | |||||
| Blue Cap mare | BLUE CAP | ||||
| Hautboy mare | HAUTBOY ** | ||||
| Grey Hautboy mare | GREY HAUTBOY * | HAUTBOY ** | |||
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 3 x 4 = 4.6875
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to HAUTBOY 4 x (4 x 5 x 5) = 4.6875
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian
Mare (5 x 4) x 5 = 3.125
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK (5 x 4) x 5 = 3.125
Total SIC for BOLTON GOLIAH = 15.625
FOX = 24.755859375 ÷ 4 = 6.18896484375
Champion mare = 34.7412109375 ÷ 4 = 8.685302734375
Total CIC for BOLTON GOLIAH = 30.499267578125
| Heneage's Jigg mare (12.5) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG (6.18896484375) |
SON OF JIGG (24.755859375) |
PELHAM'S JIGG | BYERLEY'S TURK * | |
| Charming Jenny ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare (1.171875) |
BROTHER TO SNAKE (4.6875) |
LISTER'S TURK * | |||
| Charming Jenny ** (18.75) |
SPANKER | ||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 4
x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Charming Jenny 4 x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Old Morocco Mare 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for Heneage's Jigg mare = 12.5
HENEAGE'S JIGG = 24.755859375 ÷ 4 = 6.18896484375 ÷ 4 = 1.5472412109375
Brother to Snake mare = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 ÷ 4 = 1.171875 ÷ 4 = 0.29296875
Total CIC for Heneage's Jigg mare = 14.3402099609375
| HUNT'S JIGG (7.03125) |
BOLTON GOLIAH (30.499267578125) |
FOX | CLUMSEY | GREY HAUTBOY * | |
| Darcy's Pet Mare ** | |||||
| Bay Peg | |||||
| Yellow Bald Peg | SPANKER *** | ||||
| Champion mare | |||||
| Blue Cap mare | |||||
| Grey Hautboy mare | GREY HAUTBOY * | ||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare (14.3402099609375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG | SON OF JIGG | |||
| Grey Wilkes | GREY HAUTBOY * | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare ** | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | ||||
| Charming Jenny | SPANKER *** | ||||
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to GREY HAUTBOY (4 x 5) x 5 = 3.125
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 4 x 5 = 2.34375
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to SPANKER 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for HUNT'S JIGG = 7.03125
BOLTON GOLIAH = 30.499267578125 ÷ 4 = 7.62481689453125
Heneage's Jigg mare = 14.3402099609375 ÷ 4 = 3.585052490234375
Total CIC for HUNT'S JIGG = 18.241119384765625
| JIGG-OF-JIGGS (28.125) |
HUNT'S JIGG (18.241119384765625) |
BOLTON GOLIAH | FOX | CLUMSEY | GREY HAUTBOY ** |
| Darcy's Pet Mare *** | |||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare * | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | LISTER'S TURK **** | |||
| Charming Jenny ***** | |||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare * (14.3402099609375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG | SON OF JIGG | PELHAM'S JIGG | BYERLEY'S TURK **** | |
| Charming Jenny ***** | |||||
| Grey Wilkes | GREY HAUTBOY ** | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare *** | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | LISTER'S TURK **** | |||
| Charming Jenny ***** | |||||
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Heneage's Jigg mare 2 x
1 = 18.75
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Charming Jenny 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 5 x 5 = 1.5625
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS = 28.125
HUNT'S JIGG = 18.241119384765625 ÷ 4 = 4.56027984619140625
Heneage's Jigg mare = 14.3402099609375 ÷ 4 = 3.585052490234375
Total CIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS = 36.27033233642578125
1. Compile a five generation pedigree and calculate the Standard Inbreeding Coefficient to two decimal places.
2. Add the Cumulative Inbreeding Coefficients of the sire and dam together and divide by four.
3. Add this figure to the Standard Inbreeding Coefficient and round to two decimal places.
Using this method and beginning with the earliest inbred ancestor, the cumulative inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs is calculated as follows:
Brimmer mare
Total SIC = 9.38
Total CIC = 9.38
MAKELESS
Total SIC = 12.50
Total CIC = 12.50
Makeless mare (Makeless oo Brimmer mare)
Total SIC = 15.63
Total CIC = 12.50 + 9.38 = 21.88 ÷ 4 = 5.47
+ 15.63 = 21.10
HAUTBOY
Total SIC = 9.38
Total CIC = 9.38
Charming Jenny
Total SIC = 18.75
Total CIC = 18.75
Darcy's Pet Mare
Total SIC = 9.38
Total CIC = 9.38
GREY HAUTBOY (by Hautboy)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 9.38 + 0 = 9.38 ÷ 4 = 2.345 + 0 = 2.345
= 2.35
Grey Wilkes (Grey Hautboy oo Darcy's Pet Mare)
Total SIC = 25.78
Total CIC = 2.35 + 9.38 = 11.73 ÷ 4 = 2.9325 + 25.78 = 28.7125 = 28.71
Grey Hautboy mare (Grey Hautboy oo Makeless mare)
Total SIC = 14.84
Total CIC = 2.35 + 21.10 = 23.45 ÷ 4 = 5.8625 + 14.84 = 20.7025 = 20.70
Hautboy mare (Hautboy oo Brimmer mare)
Total SIC = 23.44
Total CIC = 9.38 + 9.38 = 18.76 ÷ 4 = 4.69 + 23.44 = 28.13
Yellow Bald Peg
Total SIC = 18.75
Total CIC = 18.75
PELHAM'S JIGG (oo Charming Jenny)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 18.75 = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 + 0 = 4.6875 = 4.69
SON OF JIGG (Pelham's Jigg oo Grey Wilkes)
Total SIC = 16.41
Total CIC = 4.69 + 28.71= 33.40 ÷ 4 = 8.35 + 16.41 = 24.76
BLUE CAP (oo Hautboy mare)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 28.13 = 28.13 ÷ 4 = 7.0325 + 0
= 7.0325 = 7.03
Blue Cap mare (Blue Cap oo Grey Hautboy mare)
Total SIC = 21.88
Total CIC = 7.03 + 20.70 = 27.73 ÷ 4
= 6.9325 + 21.88 = 28.8125 = 28.81
CLUMSEY (Grey Hautboy oo Darcy's Pet Mare)
Total SIC = 25.78
Total CIC = 2.35 + 9.38 = 11.73 ÷ 4 = 2.9325 + 25.78 = 28.7125 = 28.71
CHAMPION (oo Hautboy mare)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 28.13 = 28.13 ÷ 4 = 7.0325 + 0
= 7.0325 = 7.03
Champion mare (Champion oo Blue Cap mare)
Total SIC = 25.78
Total CIC = 7.03 + 28.81 = 35.84 ÷ 4
= 8.96 + 25.78 = 34.74
Bay Peg (oo Yellow Bald Peg)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 18.75 = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 +
0 = 4.6875 = 4.69
FOX (Clumsey oo Bay Peg)
Total SIC = 16.41
Total CIC = 28.71 + 4.69 = 33.40 ÷ 4 = 8.35 + 16.41 = 24.76
BOLTON GOLIAH (Fox oo Champion mare)
Total SIC = 15.63
Total CIC = 24.76 + 34.74 = 59.50 ÷ 4 = 14.875 + 15.63 = 30.505
= 30.51
HENEAGE'S JIGG (by Son of Jigg)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 24.76 + 0 = 24.76 ÷ 4 = 6.19 + 0 = 6.19
BROTHER TO SNAKE (oo Charming Jenny)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 18.75 = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 + 0 = 4.6875 = 4.69
Brother to Snake mare (by Brother to Snake)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 4.69 + 0 = 4.69 ÷ 4 = 1.1725 + 0 = 1.1725 = 1.17
Heneage's Jigg mare (Heneage's Jigg oo Brother to Snake mare)
Total SIC = 12.50
Total CIC = 6.19 + 1.17 = 7.36 ÷ 4 = 1.84 + 12.50 = 14.34
HUNT'S JIGG (Bolton Goliah oo Heneage's Jigg mare)
Total SIC = 7.03
Total CIC = 30.51 + 14.34 = 44.85 ÷ 4 = 11.2125 + 7.03 = 18.2425 = 18.24
JIGG-OF-JIGGS (Hunt's Jigg oo Heneage's Jigg mare)
Total SIC = 28.13
Total CIC = 18.24 + 14.34 = 32.58 ÷ 4 = 8.145 + 28.13 = 36.275 = 36.28
The difference between 36.28 and 36.27033233642578125 of less than 0.01 is negligible.
MORE ADDITIONAL ANCESTORS FOR JIGG-OF-JIGGS
New information has come to light which suggests a probable pedigree for the
Blue Cap mare, grandam of the Bolton Goliah. The links between the Piersons,
the Stricklands and the Dukes of Bolton are multiplied plus the level of inbreeding
is maintained.
See MERLIN, SMILING TOM, HIGHLANDER
AND WOODCOCK for more information.
See BLACK-A-TOP, OLD MONTAGUE MARE, PULLEINE'S CHESNUT ARABIAN AND WHITESHIRT MARE for a probable pedigree for the Harpham Arabian.
This new information has been added to the pedigree of Jigg-of-Jiggs and the Coefficient of Inbreeding recalculated.
THE COMPLETE PEDIGREE OF JIGG-OF-JIGGS
(including the pedigrees of the Blue Cap mare and the Harpham Arabian)
FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB = Old Bald Peg
[HELMSLEY TURK] |
| |
-----------------------------------> | <--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | |
Leedes Bald Peg | Lawson's Barb Mare = DARCY'S YELLOW TURK = Old Morocco Mare
[Young Bald Peg] | [Dodsworth's dam] | [DODSWORTH] | |
| | [Merlin's grandam] | [MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE] | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
----- | ------------------- --------------- | |
| | | | | | | |
| DARCY'S WHITE TURK = Pierson's Bay mare mare = OGLETHORPE'S ARABIAN | Barb Mare | |
| [DARCY'S DIAMOND] | | [ALBEMARLE GREY ARABIAN] | | | |
| [PLACE'S WHITE TURK] | | | | | |
| [BURNET'S WHITE BARB] ----------------------------------> | <------------ | | | |
| [PLACE'S WHITE TRUGUNWELL TURK] | | | | | |
| | 1668 | | | | | |
| -----------------> | <--------------------------------------------------- | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | -----------------------------------------------> | <--------> | <---> | <--------------- |
| | | | | \ / | |
| | | Darcy's Grey Royal mare = BRIMMER SPANKER |
| | | [Lonsdale Arabian Mare] | | |
| | | | | | |
| | ------------ --- | | |
| | \ / | | |
| ------------> | <---------------------------> | <---------------------------------------------------------> | <---------------------------- |
| | | | | | |
| | | -----------------> | <------------------------------------------------------------ | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | ------------------------------------ --- ---
\ / | | | | \ /
Yellow Bald Peg MAKELESS = mare = HAUTBOY Arlington Barb Mare | Brisk's dam = BYERLEY'S TURK = Charming Jenny
[Chesnut Peg] | | [ROCKWOOD] | | | [LISTER'S TURK] |
| | | [PULLEINE'S WHITE TURK] | | | [RUTLAND BLACKLEGS] |
| | | [PULLEINE'S OLD ARABIAN] | | | | 1678 |
| | | | | | | | |
| ------> | <-------- | ---------------- ---- | | ----------------------
| | | \ / | | | | |
Bay Peg mare mare = GREY HAUTBOY = Darcy's Pet Mare ACASTER TURK mare PELHAM'S JIGG BROTHER TO SNAKE
by Leedes | | [LAYTON GREY BARB] | [Old Grey Royal] [CONEYSKINS] | [LISTER'S SNAKE] |
Arabian | | | [Tregonwell Barb mare] | | | |
| | | | [Darcy's Oldest Royal Mare] | | | |
| | ----------- | [Clubfoot] | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| ---------> | <-----> | <----------------------------------> | <----------------------------------> | <------------ | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | --------> | <------------- ------------------> | <------------------------------------- | |
| | | | \ / | | |
------> | <------> | <-----> | <------------> | <-------------- -------------------------------------------------------- | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
HARPHAM ARABIAN | mare = BLUE CAP | CLUMSEY CURWEN'S BAY BARB Grey Wilkes | mare
by Pulleine's | | [TERROR] | | | [Old Wilkes] | |
Chesnut Arabian | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
\ / | \ / | \ / |
CHAMPION mare FOX mare = SON OF JIGG |
| 1707 | | 1714 | [SMITH'S SON OF SNAKE] |
| | | | |
---------- ---------- | | |
\ / | | |
mare | HENEAGE'S JIGG |
| | | |
------------------ ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
\ / \ /
BOLTON GOLIAH = mare
1730 | |
| |
| |
HUNT'S JIGG |
| 1741 |
---------------------- ---------------------
\ /
JIGG-OF-JIGGS
1745
The inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs is calculated as follows:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| JIGG-OF-JIGGS 28.125 04.60910797119140625 03.585052490234375 (36.31916046142578125) |
HUNT'S JIGG 01.7578125 01.9550323486328125 00.89626312255859375 (04.60910797119140625) |
BOLTON GOLIAH 00.9765625 00.386810302734375 00.5916595458984375 (01.9550323486328125) |
FOX 00.25634765625 00.112152099609375 00.018310546875 (00.386810302734375) |
CLUMSEY 00.1007080078125 00.002288818359375 00.0091552734375 (00.112152099609375) |
GREY HAUTBOY (00.002288818359375) |
| Darcy's Pet Mare (00.0091552734375 ) |
|||||
| Bay Peg (00.018310546875) |
LEEDES ARABIAN | ||||
|
Yellow Bald Peg |
|||||
| Champion mare 00.45166015625 00.0274658203125 00.1125335693359375 (00.5916595458984375) |
CHAMPION (00.0274658203125) |
HARPHAM ARABIAN | |||
| Hautboy mare (00.0274658203125) |
|||||
| Blue Cap mare 00.08544921875 00.006866455078125 00.0202178955078125 (00.1125335693359375) |
BLUE CAP (00.006866455078125) |
||||
| Grey Hautboy mare (00.0202178955078125) |
|||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare 00.78125 00.09670257568359375 00.018310546875 (00.89626312255859375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG (00.09670257568359375) |
SON OF JIGG 00.0640869140625 00.00457763671875 00.02803802490234375 (00.09670257568359375) |
PELHAM'S JIGG (00.00457763671875) |
||
| Grey Wilkes (00.02803802490234375) |
|||||
| Curwen's Bay Barb mare |
CURWEN'S BAY BARB | ||||
| Brother to Snake mare (00.018310546875) |
BROTHER TO SNAKE (00.018310546875) |
LISTER'S TURK | |||
| Charming Jenny (00.018310546875) |
|||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare (03.585052490234375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG | SON OF JIGG | PELHAM'S JIGG | BYERLEY'S TURK | |
| Charming Jenny | |||||
| Grey Wilkes | GREY HAUTBOY | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare | |||||
| Curwen's Bay Barb mare |
CURWEN'S BAY BARB | ||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | LISTER'S TURK | |||
| Charming Jenny | SPANKER | ||||
| Old Morocco Mare | |||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Details of each specific inbreeding:
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Heneage's Jigg mare 2 x 1 = 18.75
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Charming Jenny 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 5 x 5 = 1.5625
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS = 28.125
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to GREY HAUTBOY (4 x 5) x 5 = 3.125
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 4 x 5 = 2.34375
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to SPANKER 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for HUNT'S JIGG = 7.03125
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 3 x 4 = 4.6875
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to HAUTBOY 4 x (4 x 5 x 5) = 4.6875
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare (5 x 4) x 5
= 3.125
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK (5 x 4) x 5 = 3.125
Total SIC for BOLTON GOLIAH = 15.625
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 4 x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Charming Jenny 4 x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Old Morocco Mare 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for Heneage's Jigg mare = 12.5
FOX inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4 x 5) x (5 x 4) =
5.46875
FOX inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Morocco Mare (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Bald Peg 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for FOX = 16.40625
Champion mare inbred to Hautboy mare 2 x 3 = 9.375
Champion mare inbred to Brimmer mare 3 x (4 x 4) = 6.25
Champion mare inbred to HAUTBOY 3 x (4 x 4) = 6.25
Champion mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK (4 x 5) x (5 x 5)
= 3.90625
Champion mare inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK 4 x 4 = 3.125
Total SIC for Champion mare = 28.90625
CLUMSEY inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare 3 x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4) = 7.03125
Total SIC for CLUMSEY = 25.78125
Blue Cap mare inbred to Brimmer mare 3 x 3 = 6.25
Blue Cap mare inbred to HAUTBOY 3 x 3 = 6.25
Blue Cap mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK (4 x 5) x (4 x 5)
= 4.6875
Blue Cap mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (5 x 5) x (5 x 5 x 5 x 5) = 4.6875
Total SIC for Blue Cap mare = 21.875
SON OF JIGG inbred to Old Morocco Mare (4 x 3) x (5 x 4) = 7.03125
SON OF JIGG inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4) x (5 x 4
x 5) = 5.46875
SON OF JIGG inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK 4 x (5 x 4) = 3.90625
Total SIC for SON OF JIGG = 16.40625
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB 3 x 2 = 9.375
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to Old Bald Peg 3 x 2 = 9.375
Total SIC for Yellow Bald Peg = 18.75
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE 3 x (3 x 4) =
7.8125
Hautboy mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (3 x 4) x 4 = 6.25
Total SIC for Hautboy mare = 23.4375
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE
4 x (4 x 4 x 4 x 5) = 7.03125
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 4 = 4.6875
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x 5
= 3.125
Total SIC for Grey Hautboy mare = 14.84375
Grey Wilkes inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare 3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4)
= 7.03125
Total SIC for Grey Wilkes = 25.78125
Darcy's Pet Mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC for Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375
Charming Jenny inbred to Old Morocco Mare 2 x 1 = 18.75
Total SIC for Charming Jenny = 18.75
HAUTBOY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK 2 x 3 =
9.375
Total SIC for HAUTBOY = 9.375
Makeless mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE
(3 x 3) x (3 x 4) = 10.9375
Makeless mare inbred to Lawson's Barb Mare 3 x 4 = 4.6875
Total SIC for Makeless mare = 15.625
MAKELESS inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK 2 x 2 = 12.5
Total SIC for MAKELESS = 12.5
Brimmer mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC for Brimmer mare = 9.375
METHOD ONE
Working forwards through the pedigree
| 7 | HAUTBOY = modified SIC of 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | Brimmer mare = modified SIC of 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | MAKELESS = modified SIC of 00.000762939453125 |
| 6 | Hautboy mare = modified SIC of 00.0057220458984375 + modified SIC for HAUTBOY in generation 7 of 00.00057220458984375 + modified SIC for Brimmer mare in generation 7 of 00.00057220458984375 = 00.006866455078125 |
| 6 | Makeless mare = modified SIC of 00.003814697265625 + modified SIC for MAKELESS in generation 7 of 00.000762939453125 + modified SIC for Brimmer mare in generation 7 of 00.00057220458984375 = 00.00514984130859375 |
| 6 | Charming Jenny = modified SIC of 00.00457763671875 |
| 6 | Darcy's Pet Mare = modified SIC of 00.002288818359375 |
| 5 | Yellow Bald Peg = modified SIC of 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Grey Hautboy mare = modified SIC of 00.014495849609375 + modified SIC for HAUTBOY in generation 7 of 00.00057220458984375 + modified CIC for Makeless mare in generation 6 of 00.00514984130859375 = 00.0202178955078125 |
| 5 | Grey Wilkes = modified SIC of 00.025177001953125 + modified SIC for HAUTBOY in generation 7 of 00.00057220458984375 + modified SIC for Darcy's Pet Mare in generation 6 of 00.002288818359375 = 00.02803802490234375 |
| 4 | CLUMSEY = modified SIC of 00.1007080078125 + 4 x modified SIC for HAUTBOY in generation 7 = 00.002288818359375 + 4 x modified SIC for Darcy's Pet Mare in generation 6 = 00.0091552734375 = 00.112152099609375 |
| 4 |
Blue Cap mare = modified SIC of |
| 4 | SON OF JIGG = modified SIC of 00.0640869140625 + modified SIC for Charming Jenny in generation 6 of 00.00457763671875 + modified CIC for Grey Wilkes in generation 5 of 00.02803802490234375 = 00.09670257568359375 |
| 3 | FOX = modified SIC of 00.25634765625 + modified CIC for CLUMSEY in generation 4 of 00.112152099609375 + modified SIC for Yellow Bald Peg in generation 5 of 00.018310546875 = 00.386810302734375 |
| 3 | Champion mare = modified SIC of 00.45166015625 + 4 x modified CIC for Hautboy mare in generation 6 = 00.0274658203125 + modified CIC for Blue Cap mare in generation 4 of 00.1125335693359375 = 00.5916595458984375 |
| 2 | BOLTON GOLIAH = modified SIC of 00.9765625 + modified CIC for FOX in generation 3 of 00.386810302734375 + modified CIC for Champion mare in generation 3 of 00.5916595458984375 = 01.9550323486328125 |
| 2 | Heneage's Jigg mare = modified SIC of 00.78125 + modified CIC for SON OF JIGG in generation 4 of 00.09670257568359375 + 4 x the modified SIC for Charming Jenny in generation 6 = 00.018310546875 = 00.89626312255859375 |
| 1 | HUNT'S JIGG = modified SIC of 01.7578125 + modified CIC for BOLTON GOLIAH in generation 2 of 01.9550323486328125 + modified CIC for Heneage's Jigg mare in generation 2 of 00.89626312255859375 = 04.60910797119140625 |
| 1 | Heneage's Jigg mare = 4 x the modified CIC in generation 2 = 03.585052490234375 |
| 0 | JIGG-OF-JIGGS = SIC of 28.125 + modified CIC for HUNT'S JIGG in generation 1 of 04.60910797119140625 + modified CIC for Heneage's Jigg mare in generation 1 of 03.585052490234375 = 36.31916046142578125 |
METHOD TWO
Working backwards through the pedigree
| Inbred Horse | SIC | Modified SIC | ||
| 0 | JIGG-OF-JIGGS | 28.125 | 28.125 | |
| 1 | HUNT'S JIGG | 7.03125 | ÷ 4 | 01.7578125 |
| 1 | Heneage's Jigg mare | 12.5 | ÷ 4 | 03.125 |
| 2 | BOLTON GOLIAH | 15.625 | ÷ 16 | 00.9765625 |
| 2 | Heneage's Jigg mare | 12.5 | ÷ 16 | 00.78125 |
| 3 | FOX | 16.40625 | ÷ 64 | 00.25634765625 |
| 3 | Champion mare | 28.90625 | ÷ 64 | 00.45166015625 |
| 3 | SON OF JIGG | 16.40625 | ÷ 64 | 00.25634765625 |
| 4 | CLUMSEY | 25.78125 | ÷ 256 | 00.1007080078125 |
| 4 | Blue Cap mare | 21.875 | ÷ 256 | 00.08544921875 |
| 4 | SON OF JIGG | 16.40625 | ÷ 256 | 00.0640869140625 |
| 4 | Grey Wilkes | 25.78125 | ÷ 256 | 00.1007080078125 |
| 4 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 256 | 00.0732421875 |
| 5 | Darcy's Pet Mare | 9.375 | ÷ 1024 | 00.0091552734375 |
| 5 | Yellow Bald Peg | 18.75 | ÷ 1024 | 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Hautboy mare | 23.4375 | ÷ 1024 | 00.02288818359375 |
| 5 | Grey Hautboy mare | 14.84375 | ÷ 1024 | 00.014495849609375 |
| 5 | Grey Wilkes | 25.78125 | ÷ 1024 | 00.025177001953125 |
| 5 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 1024 | 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 1024 | 00.018310546875 |
| 5 | Darcy's Pet Mare | 9.375 | ÷ 1024 | 00.0091552734375 |
| 6 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | Brimmer mare | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | Hautboy mare | 23.4375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.0057220458984375 |
| 6 | Makeless mare | 15.625 | ÷ 4096 | 00.003814697265625 |
| 6 | Charming Jenny | 18.75 | ÷ 4096 | 00.00457763671875 |
| 6 | Darcy's Pet Mare | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 6 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 4096 | 00.002288818359375 |
| 7 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 16384 | 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | Brimmer mare | 9.375 | ÷ 16384 | 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 16384 | 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | MAKELESS | 12.5 | ÷ 16384 | 00.000762939453125 |
| 7 | Brimmer mare | 9.375 | ÷ 16384 | 00.00057220458984375 |
| 7 | HAUTBOY | 9.375 | ÷ 16384 | 00.00057220458984375 |
| CIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS | 36.31916046142578125 | |||
METHOD THREE
Register of Inbreeding Coefficients
The figure of 36.31916046142578125, arrived at by both Method One and Method Two above, is the cumulative inbreeding coefficent for Jigg-of-Jiggs and includes all the inbreeding in his pedigree back as far as records allow. The standard inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs of 28.125 is only four fifths of this total, so it is clear that the inbreeding carried forward from previous generations is still valid but the methods of calculation are cumbersome and time consuming.
It is proposed that a Register of Inbreeding Coefficients of all stallions and mares be compiled, so that any Thoroughbred's cumulative inbreeding coefficient may be found by first calculating the standard inbreeding coefficient and adding to it one quarter the value of each of the parents cumulative inbreeding coefficients as taken from the register.
Using this method and beginning with the earliest inbred ancestor, the cumulative inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs is calculated as follows:
| HAUTBOY (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK (0) |
HELMSLEY TURK * | |||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare (0) |
|||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
HAUTBOY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY
TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for HAUTBOY = 9.375
| Brimmer mare (9.375) |
BRIMMER (0) |
DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Diamond mare (0) |
|||||
| Pierson's Bay Mare | MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE * | ||||
Brimmer mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S
GRANDSIRE 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for Brimmer mare = 9.375
| MAKELESS (12.5) |
OGLETHORPE'S ARABIAN (0) |
DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Yellow Turk mare (0) |
DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | ||||
MAKELESS inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK 2 x 2 = 12.5
Total SIC and CIC for MAKELESS = 12.5
| Hautboy mare (23.4375) |
HAUTBOY |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK ** | ||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK *** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB ** | ||||
| Brimmer mare (9.375) |
BRIMMER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK *** |
|||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | DARCY'S DIAMOND * | HELMSLEY TURK ** | |||
| Pierson's Bay Mare | MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE*** | ||||
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S
WHITE TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE 3 x (3 x 4) =
7.8125
Hautboy mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (3 x 4) x 4 = 6.25
Total SIC for Hautboy mare = 23.4375
HAUTBOY = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Brimmer mare = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Total CIC for Hautboy mare = 28.125
| Makeless mare (15.625) |
MAKELESS (12.5) |
OGLETHORPE'S ARABIAN | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | ||
| Darcy's Yellow Turk mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | ||||
| Lawson's Barb Mare ** | |||||
| Brimmer mare (9.375) |
BRIMMER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | |||||
| Pierson's Bay Mare | MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE * | ||||
| Lawson's Barb Mare ** | |||||
Makeless mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE
(3 x 3) x (3 x 4) = 10.9375
Makeless mare inbred to Lawson's Barb Mare 3 x 4 = 4.6875
Total SIC for Makeless mare = 15.625
MAKELESS = 12.5 ÷ 4 = 3.125
Brimmer mare = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Total CIC for Makeless mare = 21.09375
| Charming Jenny (18.75) |
SPANKER (0) |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare * (0) |
|||||
Charming Jenny inbred to Old Morocco Mare 2 x 1 = 18.75
Total SIC and CIC for Charming Jenny = 18.75
| Darcy's Pet Mare (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK (0) |
HELMSLEY TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal (0) |
|||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
Darcy's Pet Mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY
TURK 2 x 3 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375
| Yellow Bald Peg (18.75) |
SPANKER (0) |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg ** | |||||
| Leedes Bald Peg (0) |
FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg ** | |||||
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB 3 x 2 = 9.375
Yellow Bald Peg inbred to Old Bald Peg 3 x 2 = 9.375
Total SIC and CIC for Yellow Bald Peg = 18.75
| Grey Hautboy mare (14.84375) |
GREY HAUTBOY (2.34375) |
HAUTBOY (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** | ||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Makeless mare (21.09375) |
MAKELESS | OGLETHORPE'S ARABIAN | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** | ||
| Darcy's Yellow Turk mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** | ||||
| Brimmer mare | BRIMMER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** | |||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | DARCY'S DIAMOND * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |||
| Pierson's Bay Mare | MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE ** | ||||
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK=MERLIN'S GRANDSIRE
4 x (4 x 4 x 4 x 5) = 7.03125
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 4 = 4.6875
Grey Hautboy mare inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x 5
= 3.125
Total SIC for Grey Hautboy mare = 14.84375
GREY HAUTBOY = 2.34375 ÷ 4 = 0.5859375
Makeless mare = 21.09375 ÷ 4 = 5.2734375
Total CIC for Grey Hautboy mare = 20.703125
| Grey Wilkes (25.78125) |
GREY HAUTBOY (2.34375) |
HAUTBOY (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
Grey Wilkes inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare
3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
Grey Wilkes inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4)
= 7.03125
Total SIC for Grey Wilkes = 25.78125
GREY HAUTBOY = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375 ÷ 4 = 0.5859375
Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Total CIC for Grey Wilkes = 28.7109375
| CLUMSEY (25.78125) |
GREY HAUTBOY (2.34375) |
HAUTBOY (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare (9.375) |
DARCY'S WHITE TURK * | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
CLUMSEY inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian Mare 3
x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK 3 x 2 = 9.375
CLUMSEY inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (4 x 5) x (3 x 4) = 7.03125
Total SIC for CLUMSEY = 25.78125
GREY HAUTBOY = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375 ÷ 4 = 0.5859375
Darcy's Pet Mare = 9.375 ÷ 4 = 2.34375
Total CIC for CLUMSEY = 28.7109375
| Blue Cap mare (20.3125) |
BLUE CAP (7.03125) |
||||
| Hautboy mare (28.125) |
HAUTBOY * | DARCY'S WHITE TURK *** | |||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | ||||
| Brimmer mare ** | BRIMMER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | |||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | DARCY'S DIAMOND *** | ||||
| Grey Hautboy mare (20.703125) |
GREY HAUTBOY | HAUTBOY * | DARCY'S WHITE TURK *** | ||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | ||||
| Makeless mare | MAKELESS | OGLETHORPE'S ARABIAN | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | ||
| Darcy's Yellow Turk mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | ||||
| Brimmer mare ** | BRIMMER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK **** | |||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | DARCY'S DIAMOND *** | ||||
Blue Cap mare inbred to Brimmer mare 3 x 3 = 6.25
Blue Cap mare inbred to HAUTBOY 3 x 3 = 6.25
Blue Cap mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK (4 x 5) x (4 x 5)
= 4.6875
Blue Cap mare inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (5 x 5) x
(5 x 5 x 5 x 5) = 4.6875
Total SIC for Blue Cap mare = 21.875
BLUE CAP = 28.125 ÷ 4 = 7.03125 ÷ 4 = 1.7578125
Grey Hautboy mare = 20.703125 ÷ 4 = 5.17578125
Total CIC for Blue Cap mare = 28.80859375
| SON OF JIGG (16.40625) |
PELHAM'S JIGG (4.6875) |
||||
| Charming Jenny (18.75) |
SPANKER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
|||
| Old Morocco Mare * | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
| Grey Wilkes (28.7109375) |
GREY HAUTBOY | HAUTBOY | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | |||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK *** | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare * | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB *** | ||||
SON OF JIGG inbred to Old Morocco Mare (4 x 3) x (5 x 4) = 7.03125
SON OF JIGG inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4) x (5 x 4
x 5) = 5.46875
SON OF JIGG inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK 4 x (5 x 4) = 3.90625
Total SIC for SON OF JIGG = 16.40625
PELHAM'S JIGG = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 ÷ 4 = 1.171875
Grey Wilkes =28.7109375 ÷ 4 = 7.177734375
Total CIC for SON OF JIGG = 24.755859375
| FOX (16.40625) |
CLUMSEY (28.7109375) |
GREY HAUTBOY | HAUTBOY | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK * |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare | DARCY'S WHITE TURK | HELMSLEY TURK * | |||
| Darcy's Grey Royal | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg **** | |||||
| Bay Peg (4.6875) |
|||||
| Yellow Bald Peg (18.75) |
SPANKER | DARCY'S YELLOW TURK ** |
|||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg **** | |||||
| Leedes Bald Peg | FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB * | ||||
| Old Bald Peg **** | |||||
FOX inbred to FAIRFAX'S MOROCCO BARB=HELMSLEY TURK (5 x 4 x
5) x (5 x 4) = 5.46875
FOX inbred to DARCY'S YELLOW TURK (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Morocco Mare (5 x 4) x 4 = 3.90625
FOX inbred to Old Bald Peg 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for FOX = 16.40625
CLUMSEY = 28.7109375 ÷ 4 = 7.177734375
Bay Peg = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 ÷ 4 = 1.171875
Total CIC for FOX = 24.755859375
| Champion mare (28.90625) |
CHAMPION (7.03125) |
HARPHAM ARABIAN | |||
| Byerley's Turk mare | BYERLEY'S TURK **** | ||||
| Hautboy mare * (28.125) |
HAUTBOY ** | DARCY'S WHITE TURK ***** | |||
| Brimmer mare *** | |||||
| Darcy's Diamond mare | DARCY'S DIAMOND ***** | ||||
| Blue Cap mare (28.80859375) |
BLUE CAP | ACASTER TURK | BYERLEY'S TURK **** | ||
| Hautboy mare * | HAUTBOY ** | DARCY'S WHITE TURK ***** | |||
| Brimmer mare *** | |||||
| Grey Hautboy mare | GREY HAUTBOY | HAUTBOY ** | DARCY'S WHITE TURK ***** | ||
| Makeless mare | |||||
| Brimmer mare *** | |||||
Champion mare inbred to Hautboy mare 2 x 3 = 9.375
Champion mare inbred to Brimmer mare 3 x (4 x 4) = 6.25
Champion mare inbred to HAUTBOY 3 x (4 x 4) = 6.25
Champion mare inbred to DARCY'S DIAMOND=DARCY'S WHITE TURK (4 x 5) x (5 x 5)
= 3.90625
Champion mare inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK 4 x 4 = 3.125
Total SIC for Champion mare = 28.90625
CHAMPION = 28.125 ÷ 4 = 7.03125 ÷ 4 = 1.7578125
Blue Cap mare = 28.80859375 ÷ 4 = 7.2021484375
Total CIC for Champion mare = 37.8662109375
| BOLTON GOLIAH (15.625) |
FOX (24.755859375) |
CLUMSEY | GREY HAUTBOY * | HAUTBOY ** | DARCY'S WHITE TURK *** |
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare **** | |||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare | DARCY'S WHITE TURK *** | ||||
| Darcy's Grey Royal **** | |||||
| Champion mare (37.8662109375) |
CHAMPION | ||||
| Hautboy mare | HAUTBOY ** | DARCY'S WHITE TURK *** | |||
| Lonsdale Arabian Mare **** | |||||
| Blue Cap mare | BLUE CAP | ||||
| Hautboy mare | HAUTBOY ** | ||||
| Grey Hautboy mare | GREY HAUTBOY * | HAUTBOY ** | |||
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 3 x 4 = 4.6875
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to HAUTBOY 4 x (4 x 5 x 5) = 4.6875
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to Darcy's Grey Royal=Lonsdale Arabian
Mare (5 x 4) x 5 = 3.125
BOLTON GOLIAH inbred to DARCY'S WHITE TURK (5 x 4) x 5 = 3.125
Total SIC for BOLTON GOLIAH = 15.625
FOX = 24.755859375 ÷ 4 = 6.18896484375
Champion mare = 37.8662109375 ÷ 4 = 9.466552734375
Total CIC for BOLTON GOLIAH = 31.280517578125
| Heneage's Jigg mare (12.5) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG (6.18896484375) |
SON OF JIGG (24.755859375) |
PELHAM'S JIGG | BYERLEY'S TURK * | |
| Charming Jenny ** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare (1.171875) |
BROTHER TO SNAKE (4.6875) |
LISTER'S TURK * | |||
| Charming Jenny ** (18.75) |
SPANKER | ||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
| Old Morocco Mare *** | |||||
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 4
x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Charming Jenny 4 x 3 = 4.6875
Heneage's Jigg mare inbred to Old Morocco Mare 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
Total SIC for Heneage's Jigg mare = 12.5
HENEAGE'S JIGG = 24.755859375 ÷ 4 = 6.18896484375 ÷ 4 = 1.5472412109375
Brother to Snake mare = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 ÷ 4 = 1.171875 ÷ 4 = 0.29296875
Total CIC for Heneage's Jigg mare = 14.3402099609375
| HUNT'S JIGG (7.03125) |
BOLTON GOLIAH (31.280517578125) |
FOX | CLUMSEY | GREY HAUTBOY * | |
| Darcy's Pet Mare ** | |||||
| Bay Peg | |||||
| Yellow Bald Peg | SPANKER *** | ||||
| Champion mare | |||||
| Blue Cap mare | |||||
| Grey Hautboy mare | GREY HAUTBOY * | ||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare (14.3402099609375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG | SON OF JIGG | |||
| Grey Wilkes | GREY HAUTBOY * | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare ** | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | ||||
| Charming Jenny | SPANKER *** | ||||
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to GREY HAUTBOY (4 x 5) x 5 = 3.125
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 4 x 5 = 2.34375
HUNT'S JIGG inbred to SPANKER 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for HUNT'S JIGG = 7.03125
BOLTON GOLIAH = 31.280517578125 ÷ 4 = 7.82012939453125
Heneage's Jigg mare = 14.3402099609375 ÷ 4 = 3.585052490234375
Total CIC for HUNT'S JIGG = 18.436431884765625
| JIGG-OF-JIGGS (28.125) |
HUNT'S JIGG (18.436431884765625) |
BOLTON GOLIAH | FOX | CLUMSEY | GREY HAUTBOY ** |
| Darcy's Pet Mare *** | |||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare * | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | LISTER'S TURK **** | |||
| Charming Jenny ***** | |||||
| Heneage's Jigg mare * (14.3402099609375) |
HENEAGE'S JIGG | SON OF JIGG | PELHAM'S JIGG | BYERLEY'S TURK **** | |
| Charming Jenny ***** | |||||
| Grey Wilkes | GREY HAUTBOY ** | ||||
| Darcy's Pet Mare *** | |||||
| Brother to Snake mare | BROTHER TO SNAKE | LISTER'S TURK **** | |||
| Charming Jenny ***** | |||||
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Heneage's Jigg mare 2 x
1 = 18.75
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to BYERLEY'S TURK=LISTER'S TURK 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Charming Jenny 5 x (5 x 4) = 3.125
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to Darcy's Pet Mare 5 x 5 = 1.5625
JIGG-OF-JIGGS inbred to GREY HAUTBOY 5 x 5 = 1.5625
Total SIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS = 28.125
HUNT'S JIGG = 18.436431884765625 ÷ 4 = 4.60910797119140625
Heneage's Jigg mare = 14.3402099609375 ÷ 4 = 3.585052490234375
Total CIC for JIGG-OF-JIGGS = 36.31916046142578125
1. Compile a five generation pedigree and calculate the Standard Inbreeding Coefficient to two decimal places.
2. Add the Cumulative Inbreeding Coefficients of the sire and dam together and divide by four.
3. Add this figure to the Standard Inbreeding Coefficient and round to two decimal places.
Using this method and beginning with the earliest inbred ancestor, the cumulative inbreeding coefficient for Jigg-of-Jiggs is calculated as follows:
Brimmer mare
Total SIC = 9.38
Total CIC = 9.38
MAKELESS
Total SIC = 12.50
Total CIC = 12.50
Makeless mare (Makeless oo Brimmer mare)
Total SIC = 15.63
Total CIC = 12.50 + 9.38 = 21.88 ÷ 4 = 5.47
+ 15.63 = 21.10
HAUTBOY
Total SIC = 9.38
Total CIC = 9.38
Charming Jenny
Total SIC = 18.75
Total CIC = 18.75
Darcy's Pet Mare
Total SIC = 9.38
Total CIC = 9.38
GREY HAUTBOY (by Hautboy)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 9.38 + 0 = 9.38 ÷ 4 = 2.345 + 0 = 2.345
= 2.35
Grey Wilkes (Grey Hautboy oo Darcy's Pet Mare)
Total SIC = 25.78
Total CIC = 2.35 + 9.38 = 11.73 ÷ 4 = 2.9325 + 25.78 = 28.7125 = 28.71
Grey Hautboy mare (Grey Hautboy oo Makeless mare)
Total SIC = 14.84
Total CIC = 2.35 + 21.10 = 23.45 ÷ 4 = 5.8625 + 14.84 = 20.7025 = 20.70
Hautboy mare (Hautboy oo Brimmer mare)
Total SIC = 23.44
Total CIC = 9.38 + 9.38 = 18.76 ÷ 4 = 4.69 + 23.44 = 28.13
Yellow Bald Peg
Total SIC = 18.75
Total CIC = 18.75
PELHAM'S JIGG (oo Charming Jenny)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 18.75 = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 + 0 = 4.6875 = 4.69
SON OF JIGG (Pelham's Jigg oo Grey Wilkes)
Total SIC = 16.41
Total CIC = 4.69 + 28.71= 33.40 ÷ 4 = 8.35 + 16.41 = 24.76
BLUE CAP (oo Hautboy mare)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 28.13 = 28.13 ÷ 4 = 7.0325 + 0
= 7.0325 = 7.03
Blue Cap mare (Blue Cap oo Grey Hautboy mare)
Total SIC = 21.88
Total CIC = 7.03 + 20.70 = 27.73 ÷ 4
= 6.9325 + 21.88 = 28.8125 = 28.81
CLUMSEY (Grey Hautboy oo Darcy's Pet Mare)
Total SIC = 25.78
Total CIC = 2.35 + 9.38 = 11.73 ÷ 4 = 2.9325 + 25.78 = 28.7125 = 28.71
CHAMPION (oo Hautboy mare)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 28.13 = 28.13 ÷ 4 = 7.0325 + 0
= 7.0325 = 7.03
Champion mare (Champion oo Blue Cap mare)
Total SIC = 28.91
Total CIC = 7.03 + 28.81 = 35.84 ÷ 4
= 8.96 + 28.91 = 37.87
Bay Peg (oo Yellow Bald Peg)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 18.75 = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 +
0 = 4.6875 = 4.69
FOX (Clumsey oo Bay Peg)
Total SIC = 16.41
Total CIC = 28.71 + 4.69 = 33.40 ÷ 4 = 8.35 + 16.41 = 24.76
BOLTON GOLIAH (Fox oo Champion mare)
Total SIC = 15.63
Total CIC = 24.76 + 37.87 = 62.63 ÷ 4 = 15.6575 + 15.63 = 31.2875
= 31.29
HENEAGE'S JIGG (by Son of Jigg)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 24.76 + 0 = 24.76 ÷ 4 = 6.19 + 0 = 6.19
BROTHER TO SNAKE (oo Charming Jenny)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 0 + 18.75 = 18.75 ÷ 4 = 4.6875 + 0 = 4.6875 = 4.69
Brother to Snake mare (by Brother to Snake)
Total SIC = 0
Total CIC = 4.69 + 0 = 4.69 ÷ 4 = 1.1725 + 0 = 1.1725 = 1.17
Heneage's Jigg mare (Heneage's Jigg oo Brother to Snake mare)
Total SIC = 12.50
Total CIC = 6.19 + 1.17 = 7.36 ÷ 4 = 1.84 + 12.50 = 14.34
HUNT'S JIGG (Bolton Goliah oo Heneage's Jigg mare)
Total SIC = 7.03
Total CIC = 31.29 + 14.34 = 45.63 ÷ 4 = 11.4075 + 7.03 = 18.4375 = 18.44
JIGG-OF-JIGGS (Hunt's Jigg oo Heneage's Jigg mare)
Total SIC = 28.13
Total CIC = 18.44 + 14.34 = 32.78 ÷ 4 = 8.195 + 28.13 = 36.325 = 36.33
The difference between 36.33 and 36.31916046142578125 of less than 0.011 is negligible.