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| Family 1 (mtDNA N2a) - Index |
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| Family 1 (mtDNA N2a) - Index |
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TREGONWELL'S NATURAL BARB MARE
..... Family 1 Place's White Turk Mare (f Place's White Turk) Taffolet Barb Mare (f Taffolet Barb) Byerley Turk Mare (f Byerley Turk) Darley Arabian Mare (f Darley Arabian) BONNY LASS (b f 1723 Bay Bolton) ..... Family 1-a Partner Mare (b f 1735 Partner) Julia (b f 1754 Blank) PROMISE (br f 1768 Snap) ..... Family 1-d | PRUNELLA (b f 1788 Highflyer) ..... Family 1-e | PENELOPE (b f 1798 Trumpator) ..... Family 1-o | | WEB (b f 1808 Waxy) ..... Family 1-s | | | Fillagree (ch f 1815 Soothsayer) | | | | Sister To Cobweb (ch f 1820 Phantom) | | | | | Odessa (ch f 1833 Sultan) | | | | | Flax (b f 1855 Surplice) | | | | | QUEEN BERTHA (b f 1860 Kingston) ..... Family 1-w | | | | Cobweb (b f 1821 Phantom) | | | | Clementina (b f 1844 Venison) | | | | Lady Blanche (b f 1856 Stockwell) | | | | Lady Caroline (b f 1861 Orlando) | | | | Casuistry (b f 1876 The Miner) | | | | Inchbonny (b f 1883 Sterling) | | | | Paradoxical (bl f 1891 Timothy) | | | | Doxa (bbr f 1901 Melton) | | | | Lady Of Pedigree (b f 1910 St. Denis) | | | | Helene De Troie (b f 1916 Helicon) | | | | LA TROIENNE (b f 1926 Teddy) ..... Family 1-x | | | TRAMPOLINE (ch f 1825 Tramp) ..... Family 1-t | | | Glencairne (b f 1838 Sultan) | | | Glengowrie (br f 1851 Touchstone) | | | MAID OF THE GLEN (b f 1858 Kingston) ..... Family 1-u | | Wire (br f 1811 Waxy) | | | Vinegar (bl f 1832 Picton) | | | Mustard (br f 1836 Philip The First) | | | Clarinda (bbl f 1846 Sir Hercules) | | | Nightingale (bl f 1857 Mountain Deer) | | | HILARITY (b f 1871 King Tom) ..... Family 1-p | | Waltz (ch f 1822 Election) | | Morisca (b f 1826 Morisco) | | Zillah (ch f 1835 Reveller) | | THE PRAIRIE BIRD (b f 1844 Touchstone) ..... Family 1-r | PAWN (b f 1808 Trumpator) ..... Family 1-f | Pawn Junior (br f 1817 Waxy) | | Delhi (bl f 1838 Plenipotentiary) | | ELLEN HORNE (br f 1844 Redshank) ..... Family 1-j | | Paradigm (br f 1852 Paragone) | | | PARAFFIN (b f 1870 Blair Athol) ..... Family 1-l | | | FOOTLIGHT (b f 1876 Cremorne) ..... Family 1-m | | | Illuminata (br f 1877 Rosicrucian) | | | CHELANDRY (b f 1894 Goldfinch) ..... Family 1-n | | ROUGE ROSE (ch f 1865 Thormanby) ..... Family 1-k | PROBLEM (ch f 1823 Merlin) ..... Family 1-g | Io (ch f 1836 Taurus) | Sunflower (b f 1847 Bay Middleton) | Sunbeam (b f 1855 Chanticleer) | SUNSHINE (b f 1867 Thormanby) ..... Family 1-h | SUNRAY (bbr f 1874 King Of The Forest) ..... Family 1-i Princess (b f 1769 KIng Herod) Puzzle (b f 1778 Matchem) Hornby Lass (b f 1796 Buzzard) MOREL (ch f 1805 Sorcerer) ..... Family 1-b MUSTARD (ch f 1824 Merlin) ..... Family 1-c |
| Family 1 | |||||||||
| Although it is difficult to calculate an accurate worldwide account of the number of elite thoroughbred racehorses belonging to any specific family, in Bruce Lowe's time Family 1 was the source of about 15% of the population and the figures appear to be approximately the same today. | |||||||||
| The main line of descent to the present is through Prunella (1788-1811) and her daughters Penelope (1798) and Pawn (1808). Descendants of Penelope account for 34% of Family 1, and Pawn about 44%. These two lines, together with other descendants of Prunella make up 91% of today's Family 1. Only about 7% of the present Family 1 do not descend through Prunella's dam, Promise (1768). | |||||||||
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| Family 1 Mares and their Pedigrees Promise and her dam Julia were bred by Augustus Fitzroy (1735-1811), the 3rd Duke of Grafton. He maintained a large racing stable for many years (starting 6-12 runners every year 1786-1808) and appears to have been a supporter of the General Stud Book (GSB) judging by the number of his mares entered there; 6 were included in 1791, rising to some 67 mares by the 1808 edition. The details provided for a number of his mares suggests that his records were available to the editor(s). |
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| Promise (br f
1768-1791, by Snap) Promise appears in the first stud book, An Introduction to a General Stud-book, published in 1791. PROMISE (p 107), Bred by the Duke of GRAFTON, foaled in 1768, got by Snap, out of Julia, by Blank. |
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| Julia (b f 1756 Blank) Julia also appears in the first edition of the stud book. JULIA (p 63), Bred by the Duke of GRAFTON, foaled in 1756, got by Blank, her dam, Spectator's dam, by Partner - Bay Bolton - Darley's Arabian - Byerly Turk - Place's White Turk - Taffolet Barb - Natural Barb Mare. |
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| Partner Mare (b f 1735
Crofts Patner) According to GSB, Julia's dam was also dam of the stallions Spectator and Hermit. In his certificates for those stallions in advertisements from 1760, Thomas Panton said the pedigree of their dam was by Partner, out of a mare by Bay Bolton that was the dam of the Duke of Bolton's Merry Andrew and full sister to Lord Godolphin's Whitefoot and Wryfoot. Mr Panton gave the further pedigree of the Bay Bolton mare as dam by Darley's Arabian; Byerley Turk; Place's White Turk; Taffolet Barb, out of a natural Barb Mare. These two certificates are two of three or four examples of pedigrees from this line where the Place's White Turk - Taffolet Barb crosses are reversed. |
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| Bonny Lass (b f 1723
Bay Bolton) This mare's only record of name on the turf was a Match to be run 2 Oct 1728 at Newmarket, when she paid forfeit to Mr Cotton's Crab, for a Match of 500 Guineas. She may possibly have been the Duke of Bolton's anonymous bay filly beaten by Capt Collyer's grey filly, 6 Apr 1728, for a Match of 300gs, half forfeit, 9 st, 4 m. Both these races may be found in the Newmarket Match Book, and the transcription from it of matches at Newmarket in Pond 1751. She then became a broodmare for the Duke of Bolton, producing his Merry Andrew (1730) by Fox, and a Partner colt in 1731. Her remaining produce were for Mr Panton, who bred her again to Partner (producing the dam of Spectator and Hermit), to Fox (producing another Merry Andrew), and to Snip (a bay mare Paragon). Of note is that, even though PARAGON is shown as produce of Bonny Lass, the pedigree given in her entry omits the Taffolet Barb cross. GSB shows Bonny Lass also as dam of a (1736) mare by the Lonsdale Arabian (Zamora's grand-dam). However, GSB in its different editions has shown Zamora's dam (BAJAZET MARE, bred by Sir JOHN RAMSDEN, in 1750) as produce both of a LONSDALE ARABIAN MARE, out of a sister to Bonny Lass (1808) and a LONSDALE ARABIAN MARE, out of Bonny Lass. It seems likely that the Lonsdale Arabian mare was actually produce of Bonny Lass's sister, since there is abundant evidence from contemporary records that her sister was used as a broodmare in the Ramsden Stud and was bred to the Lonsdale Bay Arabian at least 4 times. Bonny Lass's sister was generally referred to as sister to Whitefoot, Whitefoot at that time, being better known than Bonny Lass. Although the Duke of Bolton seems to have thought enough of her to match her for high sums, Bonny Lass is known for her produce record rather than her race career. |
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| Darley Arabian Mare
(credited with produce 1719-1730, so probably foaled between 1706
and 1715) She belonged to Sir William Ramsden (1672-1736), 2nd bt, of Byram, near Ferrybridge, in Yorkshire. A pedigree of her best known produce copied from the breeder's records appears on page 5 of the Dutton records (D678/1 F14/5/6; Gloucestershire Record Office): Whitefoot, He was bred by Sr Wm Ramsden, & was got by Bay Bolton; His Dam was got by Mr Darley’s Arabian; his Grand-Dam was got by ye Bierly Turk; his Great-Grand-Dam was got by ye Taffolet Barb; his Great-Great-Grand-Dam by Mr Place’s White Arabian; his Great-Great-Great-Grand-Dam was a Natural Barb Mare of Mr Tregonwell’s a Noted Breeder in the South. Coppy Wm Ramsden This entry is not dated but appears between a pedigree on page 4 (copied 6 Dec 1735) and another on p 8 for a horse noted as six years old in 1747. Interestingly, at the end of this book is a note of its having been sent to Mr Weatherby "to compare with his Book of Pedigrees just Published. May 18 1791." Nevertheless, it was not until the 1891 edition of GSB that Mr Tregonwell's name was associated with the natural Barb mare in Whitefoot's matrilineage. |
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| Byerley Turk Mare (dam
of Grey Ramsden) Early pedigrees do not mention who bred this Byerley Turk mare, but she is called “the famous Ramsden Mare” in an advertisement for Merry Andrew (lately purchased from Sir Edward O’Brien, Bart; bred by his Grace the Duke of Bolton) in the Dublin Journal, 5-8 Apr 1746. She also appears in Cheny 1743 in the pedigree of the Duke of Bolton's Fearnought: Fearnought's Dam was got by the Lexington Grey Arabian, his Grand-Dam by Old Spot, his Great Grand-Dam by Sir William Ramsden's Spanker, his Great Great Grand-Dam by the Byerley Turk, which Mare was the Dam of Grey Ramsden, and full sister to the Dam of Tantivy. And: The Byerley Turk got the Duke of Rutland's Black Hearty (which was the Sire of Bonny Black and Peterborough Dun) Basto, Grasshopper, Jig, the Sire of the Dam of the Duke of Bolton's Looby, and the Sire of the Dam of Mr Hutton's Phantom. ... He also got the Grand-Dam of the Earl of Godolphin's Whitefoot, Wryfoot, and Morat, which Grand-Dam of the said three was also the Dam of Grey Ramsden, and the Great Great Grand-Dam of the Bolton Fearnought. In the 1891 edition of GSB, this mare was given her first broodmare entry. BYERLY TURK MARE, Bred by Sir W RAMSDEN, her dam by The Taffolet, or Morocco, Barb, grandam by Place's White Turk -- Natural Barb Mare of Mr Tregonwells. |
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| Taffolet Barb Mare There is no definitive evidence regarding this mare or her sire. Her sire also got Mustard [GSB 1808], Honeycomb Punch and his sister. Note that some pedigrees of this line reverse the Taffolet Barb and Place's White Turk crosses, notably certificates given by Mr Panton for Spectator and Hermit, although he also claimed both were descended from the dam of Merry Andrew (Bonny Lass). In another pedigree, where Taffolet Barb would be expected, "Tripoli Barb" is given. It is possible that Tripoli for Taffolet was the result of difficulty in interpreting handwritten records. |
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| Place's White Turk (or Arabian)
Mare Surviving 18th century pedigrees of this line have been found in three forms. Those certified by Sir John Ramsden give this mare's breeding as by Place's White Arabian, out of a Barb or Barbary Mare. Some, including certificates provided by Thos Panton for Spectator and Hermit transpose two crosses and give this mare's pedigree as by Place's White Turk, her dam by the Taffolet (or Tripoli) Barb, out of a natural Barb mare. In the third version, adopted in GSB, this mare was got by Place's White Turk, out of a natural Barb, or Arabian mare. An advertisement for Merry Andrew in the Dublin Journal of 1744 appears to be the earliest published pedigree to identify the founder mare as a natural Barb mare of Mr Tregonwell's. |
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| Tregonwell's Natural Barb Mare The identification of the founder mare of Family One as Mr Tregonwell's was first published in GSB in 1891; in earlier editions she is shown as an anonymous Barb mare. Additional evidence for a natural Barb mare bred to Place's White Turk comes from the pedigree of Creeper furnished by his breeder, Sir Marmaduke Wyvill, and published in the Universal Advertiser (Dublin) in 1754, 1755 & 1759. |
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| "… his great grandam
by mr Pullen’s chesnut Arabian, out of a mare called Garnet, which
was got by mr Place’s white Turk, out of a natural Barb mare, which belonged to Oliver Cromwell." |
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| A Barbary grey mare was sent to Oliver Cromwell
from Charles Longland sometime between 25 April and 27 July 1657;
Longland was stationed at Leghorn in Italy, but had sent to North
Africa to find breeding stock for Cromwell [Patrick Little
"Uncovering a protectoral stud: horses and horse-breeding at the
court of Oliver Cromwell, 1653-8," (Historical Research, Vol. 82,
No. 216., pp. 252-267; 2008)]. Although Mr Place is said to have
been Stud-Master to Oliver Cromwell, it is impossible to tell
without further evidence whether this natural Barb mare became Mr
Tregonwell's. The attribution of this mare to Mr Tregonwell led Lady Wentworth (Thoroughbred Racing Stock, 1938, p 202) to refer to a letter from William Gale to Lord Hatton in 1684: "His cousin (through illness) is parting with all his horses; if his Lordship has not left off breeding, he has a colt by one of the finest Turkish mares in England, who was got by Lord Shaftesbury's Turk out of Tregonwell's famous mare Snorting Bess. He would have run her against any mare or gelding at Newmarket at 12 stone, had she not put out a blood spavin." (J P Hore, History of Newmarket and Annals of the Turf, 1886, Volume, p 355). From this evidence she deduced that "Snorting Bess was Tregonwell's Natural Arabian Mare (not a Barb), No. 1 Family, also called Place's White Turk Mare. This Tregonwell Arabian mare was probably imported from Aleppo in 1657". J B Robertson (The Origin and History of the British Thoroughbred Horse, Lonsdale Library, Flat Racing, 1940, p 30) observed that he thought it "just possible, though unlikely" that the Natural Barb Mare was a daughter of Snorting Bess. He suggested that the Natural Barb Mare belonged to Mr Tregonwell of Dorset, the maternal grandfather of Tregonwell Frampton, who was keeper of the "Running Horses at Newmarket" to both King William III and Queen Anne (Ye Olde New-Markitt Calendar, J B Muir, p 14). "Tregonwell's Natural Barb Mare" also appears in the 1891 edition of GSB in two other pedigrees, both representing editorial changes to pedigrees published previously in different versions. Bumper BUMPER, Sir J Pennyman's (aft Mr Maskell's), 1735, by Partner - Bay Bolton - Commoner - Restive - Lord Lonsdale's Tregonwell Barb mare. In earlier editions, the founder mare had been called "an Arabian mare of Ld Lonsdale's." Bumper's first stallion advertisements (for instance, Cheny 1744) said "Ld Lonsdale's old Arabian Mare" although in later advertisements she was referred to as "a Lonsdale Barb Mare." An ad for Bumper's brother Rainbow in 1739 [Newcastle Courant] also called this mare "Ld Lonsdale's Arabian mare." 18th century pedigrees for Bay Lonsdale alias Freeholder, one certifiied by Ld Lonsdale (see Routh's Stud-book, C M Prior, Early Records of the Thoroughbred Horse, 1924) refer to "an Old Chest Arabn Mare" great grand-dam of Lonsdale's Monkey. At best then, the late addition of the Tregonwell name to the Bumper pedigree is questionable, and may be incorrect. Rockwood In editions before 1891, Rockwood's dam was given as the Lonsdale Tregonwell Mare. The sole source for this mare as the dam of Rockwood is the pedigree of the Bolton Starling. His great Grandam was "by Rockwood, which was out of a Mare of Lord Lonsdale's, called the Fragunel Mare"* [see, for example, Dublin Journal, 23-26 Feb 1739-40, certified by the Duke of Bolton]. It is possible that this is the same mare referred to in an advertisement for Turner's Spot, as "a Mare of Lord Lonsdale's called the Tregonnel [also Tyrconnel] Mare, which Mare was bred by Mr Curven, and esteemed one of the highest Blood Mares Mr Curven had. This evidence suggests that Rockwood's dam was a different mare, possibly even an English mare. _____ * One of many variant spellings, probably arising from the difficulty imposed on typesetters in interpreting their handwritten and variously spelled source material. |
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