Thoroughbred Bloodlines - Belgrade Turk Mare

Family 22

The most recent common ancestress of this family appears to be Canary Bird.

Canary Bird
She was first entered as a brood mare in the 1814 Supplement to GSB.

CANARY BIRD,
Bred by Lord F G OSBORNE, in 1806, got by Whiskey or Sorcerer, her dam, Canary, by Coriander, out of Miss Green, by Highflyer - Harriet, by Matchem - Flora, by Regulus.

Her first four produce through 1813 were listed. That list was added to in subsequent editions; with her list of produce in the 4th edition of vol. iii (1883) given as

1810 b f by Selim … Mr Gillam
1811 b c (died a foal) …
1812 b c Fandango, by Selim … D of Rutland
1813 ch c by Dick Andrews (dead) … Mr Golding
1815 b f Quadrille, by Selim … D of Rutland
1816 ch f by ditto … Mr Farrall
1817 b f by Haphazard … Mr Farrall
1818 b f Varennes, by Selim … Ld Verulam
1819 b c by Orville (dead) … Mr Thornhill
1820 b f by Scud, or Pioneer … Mr Thornhill
1822 b c Philander, by Phantom (died at 2 yrs old) … Sir T Mostyn
1824 b f Diamentina, by Rubens … Sir T Mostyn
1826 ch f Canary, by Woful … Mr Dilly
In 1821 missed to Scud, 1823 to Selim, 1825 to Tiresias, and died in March 1827, with a colt in her by Spectre.

Of her seven fillies, three appear to have founded lines that survive to the present: Quadrille, by Selim, Varennes, by Selim, and the mare by Scud or Pioneer.

Lord F G Osborne's Canary-Bird was a winner of 100 guineas at Newmarket as a 2 year old; although Pick gave her pedigree as by Whiskey (or Sorcerer) he counted her amongst Whiskey's winners for 1808.

Canary
Canary Bird's dam, Canary, was not entered as a broodmare in GSB until the 1891 edition of volume one.

❖ CANARY,
Bred by Mr GEORGE DAWSON, in 1797, got by Coriander - Miss Green, by Highflyer - Harriet, by Matchem - Flora, by Regulus.
1804 b c Wry Nose, by Worthy … Mr Tighe
1805 b f by Whiskey, or Sorcerer … Lord F Osborne
1806 br f Canary Bird, by ditto, or ditto … Lord F Osborne
1808 br c Merlin, by Sorcerer … Lord F Osborne

Canary started for Mr F Dawson, in 1800; Pick giving her pedigree as "by Coriander, out of Hippopotamos’s dam, by Match’em, grandam by Regulus." A generation is missing from this pedigree, which was corrected by Pick when he published pedigrees for Hippocampus in 1804, and Don Felix in 1806.

OSBORNE, Ld F G
Don Felix, own brother to Canary, Hippocampus & Polly Titian, by Coriander; dam, Miss Green (Hippopotamus & Greyhound's dam) by Highflyer; grandam, Harriet (Creeper & Crawler's dam) by Match'em, out of Flora (Marquis's dam) by Regulus, &c.

Miss Green
(dam of Canary) was first entered in GSB as a broodmare in the edition of 1808. That entry remained unchanged until the 5th edition of 1891, when a note was added that she was sister to Mrs Jordan.

MISS GREEN (sister to Mrs Jordan),
Bred by Mr TATTERSALL, in 1787, got by Highflyer, her dam, Harriet, by Matchem, out of Flora, by Regulus.
1791 b c by Garrick … Mr Dawson
1793 b c Hippopotamus, by King Fergus … Mr Dawson
1794 b c Greyhound, by Sweetbriar (sent to America) … Mr Wentworth
1797 b f Canary, by Coriander … Mr Dawson
1799 b f by ditto (died a foal) … Mr Dawson
1800 b f by ditto … Mr Dawson
1801 b c Hippocampus, by ditto … Mr Dawson
1802 b c Don Felix, by ditto … Lord F G Osborne
1803 b f Polly Titian, by ditto … Mr Howorth
Died in November 1803, with a colt in her by Coriander.

Harriet
(dam of Miss Green) first appeared as a broodmare in An Introduction to a General Stud-book, of 1791, with her list of produce through 1790. Three foals were added to her list of produce in the 1800 Supplement, and her latest entry in the 1891 edition reads

HARRIET,
Bred by Lord ROCKINGHAM, in 1769, got by Matchem, her dam, Flora, by Regulus - Bartlet's Childers - Bay Bolton - Belgrade Turk.
1776 b f by Bellario … Mr Tattersall
1779 b c by Chillaby … Mr Tattersall
1780 b f by the Vernon Arabian … Mr Tattersall
1782 b f by Gog … Mr Tattersall
1784 b f Mrs Jordan, by Highflyer … Mr Ladbroke
1786 b c Creeper, by Tandem … Lord A Hamilton
1787 b f Miss Green, by Highflyer … Mr Dawson
1788 b c by ditto … Duke of Bedford
1789 b c by ditto … Lord Barrymore
1790 b c by ditto … Mr Pelham
1792 b c Crawler, by ditto … Duke of Grafton
1793 b f by Diomed … Duke of Grafton
1794 b c Speculator, by ditto … Duke of Grafton

Harriet was among the horses listed for sale in one of Mr Tattersall's advertisements in 1778.

To be SOLD
By Private Contract,
By Mr Tatterall,
Near Hyde-Park Turnpike.
Lot. XIV. HARRIET, a bay mare, got by Match'em her dam (Flora) by Regulus, her grand dam by Bartlet's Childers, her great grand dam by Bay Bolton, great great grand dam by Belgrade; the dam of this mare was the dam of Marquis and Count; covered by Chillaby. [Weatherby's Racing Calendar (newspaper) 4 Nov 1778; Issue XV.]

Mr Tattersall also advertised for sale Harriet's 1784 filly by Highflyer (later Mrs Jordan).

To be Sold by Private Contract,
By Mr TATTERSALL,
And to be seen at ELY, Cambridgeshire, Thirteen Miles from Newmarket.
September, 1784.
Rising One Year Old.
17 A Bay Filly, with a star and snip, both hind legs and off fore heel white, got by Highflyer, her dam by Match’em, grand dam Flora, by Regulus, great grand dam by Bartlett’s Childers, great great grand dam by Bay Bolton, great great great grand dam by Belgrade.--N B The grand dam of this filly was the dam of Marquis and Count.
N B The Price of the Colts 100gs, the Fillies 50gs each. [Weatherby's Racing Calendar (newspaper) 29 Sep 1784. Numb. XIII.]

Flora, by Regulus
(Harriet's dam) was first entered as a broodmare in An Introduction to a General Stud-book (1791). Her entry has never been changed and appears in the 5th edition of 1891 as

FLORA,
Bred by Sir W STRICKLAND, got by Regulus, her dam by Bartlet's Childers, grand dam by Bay Bolton, great grand dam by the Belgrade Turk.
1755 c by Sloe … Ld Rockingham
1757 b c by Whitefoot … Ld Rockingham
1758 c by ditto … Ld Rockingham
1760 b f by the Godolphin colt (grand dam of Nottingham) … Ld Rockingham
1761 b c Marquis, by the Godolphin colt … Mr Vernon
1762 f by the Godolphin colt (dam of Copperbottom) … Ld Rockingham
1764 br c by Sampson … Ld Rockingham
1766 b f Marchioness, by the Godolphin colt … Mr Vernon
1767 br b f by Sampson … Ld Rockingham
1768 c by Sampson … Ld Rockingham
1769 b f Harriet, by Matchem (dam of Creeper) … Mr Blake
1770 b c Hotspur, by ditto … Ld Bolingbroke
1771 c by Squirrel … Ld Bolingbroke
1772 br c Count, by Snap … Mr Jennings
1776 c Viscount, by Chillaby … Mr Jennings
1780 b c by ditto … Mr Dowson

Although Flora was a broodmare from a fairly early date in Lord Rockingham's stud, she is only mentioned twice in records of his examined to date, and his Lordship does not appear to have had a pedigree or breeders certificate for her amongst his papers. Pick, in his Turf Register, (vol. i, 1803; p 381) says Flora was a gift to Lord Rockingham from Mr Wentworth (from his name, likely a kinsman of his Lordship) and that she was foaled about 1749 or '50. This would make Flora 30 years old at the time of her last foal. However, it is rare in thoroughbred records for mares to have foals so late in life, and a somewhat later foaling date seems more likely, perhaps about 1752.

A question also arises about her breeder, since no "Sir" W Strickland seems to have been alive during the time period in question. Sir William Strickland, the 4th Baronet of Boynton died in 1735, and the next William Strickland, born in 1753, did not become Baronet until after the death of his father, Sir George, in 1808. Another member of the extended Strickland family (William, 1714-1788), is said to have been "of Beverley." He is described in the online history of parliament as second son of Walter Strickland, also of Beverley, by his wife Elizabeth Peirson of Mowthorpe, Yorks. The father Walter was a brother of Sir William Strickland, the 3rd Baronet. Beverley, late in the 17th century and through the first half of the 18th century had several active breeders, and Bruce Lowe's families 26, 31, and 40 were fostered there. Names of early breeders and proprietors of running horses mentioned in Beverlac; or, the Antiquities and History of the Town of Beverley, in the County of York,... George Poulson, Esqr, Vol. ii, 1829 mentioned the following in the list of "eminent Seats of Gentlemen in Beverley" of about 1723:

Sir Charles Hotham, bart. in Eastgate
Sir Michael Warton, adjoining North bar
--- Warton, esq. in Newbigin
Alured Popple, esq. let to Mr Richard Burton, in ditto [within North bar]
Warton Warton, esq in Eastgate, let to sir Robt. Hildyard, bart.;
Francis Apleyard, esq. in Laregate, formerly St Giles;
Francis Appleyard, esq. in Tollgavel, let to Samuel Dalton, esq;

Other early names associated with Beverley were Bethel and Witty.

The only breeder known to have patronized all the stallions in Flora's pedigree (Regulus, Bartlet's Childers, Bay Bolton, and the Belgrade Turk, which he owned) is Sir Marmaduke Wyvill.

Bartlet's Childers Mare
This mare does not have an entry in GSB, and no historical information has been found about her.

The "Own Brother to Childer's" was advertised for sale as part of "the Stud, late of Mr William Ovington of Cowling, nigh Beedal, in the County of York." [Newcastle Courant. 24 Feb 1727-8] There is also an existing stallion advertisement for him, as Mr Bartlet's, in the same newspaper from 20 Apr 1728 (Numb. 56.).

AT Mr Bartlet's at Nutwith-coate nigh Masham, Bedale and Rippon, in the North-Riding of the County of York, will be leap'd this Season, the full Brother to the Duke of Devonshire's famous Childers at 3 Guineas, and half a Crown a Mare, where Mares may be kept in good Grass, and well taken Care of.

Bartlet's Childers (late Ovington's) had definitely dated foals 1726-1738. Given the next crosses in Flora's pedigree, the Bartlet's Childers mare was probably foaled later, sometime after 1731.

The only other pedigree encountered to date that shows a cover of a Bay Bolton mare by Bartlet's Childers is seen in this advertisement from The Caledonian Mercury (24 Mar 1743. Num. 3515).

To be Leap'd this Season, at half a Guinea per Leap, and a Shilling to the Boy,
A fine Stallion called BAY CHILDERS, bred by the Duke of Hamilton out of Mr Bartlet's Childers and the Bay Bolton Mare, now the Property of Robert Storey his Grace's Groom at Hamilton. Mares may be immediately served by this Horse, which is 15 Hands, with Strength proportionable in every part, and is 10 Years old this Grass.

Bay Bolton Mare
This mare does not have a broodmare entry in GSB, and historical information is also lacking.

Bay Bolton was probably kept as a private stallion by the Duke of Bolton, since no advertisements to the public have been located, and he appears mostly in pedigrees of horses bred either by the Duke himself or his family, friends, and associates. Bay Bolton had definitely dated foals 1715-1732. This mare was probably foaled towards the latter end of that range, 1727 or later.

Belgrade Turk Mare
This mare has neither a broodmare entry in GSB nor any known historical information.

The Belgrade Turk was advertised to the public in Mar 1728/9 [Newcastle Courant. 22 Mar 1728-9 Numb. 204.]

A Brown Bay Turkish Horse, of a good Size, strong, and free from all Manner of Blemish, is kept at Constable Burton near Bedale, in Yorkshire, and allowed to serve Mares at a Guinea each: He was sent from Belgrade by General Mercie, and is Sire to the Mare which won the Subscription Money last Year at Richmond, being the first that was trained of his Breed.

The mare mentioned in the above advertisement was Sir Marmaduke Wyvill's bay mare; she won the 120 guineas for 5 years old at Richmond, 18 Jun 1728, beating four others, and then looks to have become the Duke of Somerset's mare known as Belgrade, which he started for the King's Plate for 5 year old mares at Newmarket the following April.

The Belgrade Turk appeared in one more advertisement for his son (later called young Belgrade or Belgrade the 2nd and sometimes confused with his father). By that time, the fee for the "old Belgrade Turk" had risen from the original one guinea to 5 guineas, well above the going rate.

TO be leap’d this Season at a Guinea each Mare, a fine bay Horse, 7 Years old this Grass, near 15 Hands high, of great Beauty, and uncommon Strength, he moves justly, sets his Ends well, and is free from all natural Blemishes: He was got by the Belgrade Turk, which got the Mare call’d after him, that won the great Stakes at Richmond; his Dam was got by bay Bolton, out of the old Scarborough Mare, which beat the famous Bonney Black at New-market. This Horse may be seen at any Time, by enquiring of Henry Jaques at Constable Burton, near Bedal in Yorkshire, where a further Account may be had of his Pedigree, &c. Good Grass will be provided for Mares at reasonable Rates, and such as come above 20 Miles, shall have a Month’s keeping gratis. All Breeders are invited to look at him, and such only wish’d to make use of him as know not where to find a Better.—Those who desire a Leap of the old Belgrade Turk, may have their Mare cover’d at 5 Guineas a Foal, and nothing in Case of Failure. [Newcastle Courant. 7 Apr 1733. Numb. 415.]

From the first advertisement, it appears that the Belgrade Turk probably began his career in England as a stallion about 1722. He has definitely dated foals 1723-1739, but the mare in question, in order to have been Flora's great grandam, was probably foaled before 1728.

Of interest, given the possible connection to Beverley mentioned above, is a mare by the Belgrade Turk that was dam of James Milnes' Esq; Pilot. Pilot was a grey horse foaled in 1739 and, according to Cheny, also known as Jack of the Green. He raced 1745-1748 in the North, including Beverley, and proved a useful runner, winning 5 of his 13 starts (including 3 of 4 starts in 1746); he was advertised as a stallion in 1754, with the pedigree:

got by a Horse call’d Quiet Cuddy, bred by Francis Appleyard, Esq;.... Pilate’s dam was out of Esquire Bethell’s Poor Robin’s Dam, and was got by Sir Marmaduke Wyvill’s Bell Grey Turk; her Grandam by Marwood’s Coneyskin, which Mare was second to Brockles Betty at Hamilton, and also at New-market. [Newcastle Journal. 6-13 Apr 1754. No 781.]

Both Francis Appleyard, Esq; and Mr Bethell were breeders in Beverley, and Pilot's dam is one of the few mares known to have been sired by the Belgrade Turk. That Pilot's grandam was a contemporary of Brocklesby Betty suggests she was also foaled around 1711, and implies that Marwood's Coneyskin (later Mr Hutton's Coneyskins, according to Pick, Turf Register, i, 1803; p 160) must have been foaled no later than 1708, further distinguishing him from the Duke of Rutland's Coneyskins (1712) winner of 5 King's Plates in 1719. Marwood's "Old Coney-Skins" is mentioned in one other advertisement.

To COVER this Season,
At Royd’s-Hall, near Bradford, at one Guinea a Mare, and a Shilling the Servant, To COVER this Season, at Beverley,
The Property of Mr John Waistell, at One Guinea a Mare, and a Shilling the Servant,
A Fine strong Horse, call’d LEOPARD, five Years old this Grass, fourteen Hands three Inches high, remarkable for his Colour and Justness of Shape. He goes extreamly well on his Legs, and clear of all Blemishes.
He was got by Capt. Appleyard’s Single-peeper, out of a fine Mares, whose Sire was carried abroad by Mr Sitlington, and reported to have been sold, to the Emperor of Germany, for a very considerable Sum of Money.
Single-peeper was got by the Bethel Arabian, Sire of Poor-Robin and Stripling; his Dam, by Lord Portmore’s Old Fox; his Grandam, was bred by Mr Bethel, of Rise, and got by Marwood's Old Coney-Skins, which Mare was the Dam of Craftsman.
N B Single-peeper’s Performances are so well known, that it is needless to repeat them. [York Courant. No 1588. 30 Mar 1756.]

Whether the Coneyskins mare in the above advertisement (dam of Craftsman and grandam of Appleyard's Singlepeeper) was the same as Pilot's grandam (and dam of Bethell's Poor Robin) is unknown.

Laelia
The General Stud Book describes Laelia as a grey: "1842 Laelia gr. f." [GSB 5:32].

"It will be noted that Laelia is shown as a grey mare, although she is by a brown horse out of a bay mare. Sheet Anchor, her sire, is described in the reference books as a dark brown, and there can be little doubt that her dam, Cotillon, was a bay. Cotillon, who started favourite for the Oaks, was a well-known race mare, and had she been a grey this fact would undoubtedly have been established. There are no grey horses among her ancestors. Furthermore, Cotillon, covered by Camel (another dark brown horse), was sold to Germany after producing Laelia, and any discrepancy in her description would have been noticed on her arrival at the Harzburg Stud. The following year (1843), Cotillon produced a roan foal. The evidence would seem irrefutably to show that after ostensible matings with Sheet Anchor and Camel in 1841 and 1842 respectively, Cotillon had been served by a grey stallion, who was responsible for her foals of the following years. It has not been possible hitherto to establish the identity of this grey horse" [Family Tables of Racehorses].

On the other hand, it is also possible that the matings of Cotillon occurred exactly as reported to the stud book and rather that Cotillon was not the dam of Laelia. It is also possible that Laelia was a sabino, a relatively modern colour distinction, rather than a grey.

An example of a roan hunter by James Seymour (1702c-1752) illustrates that "roan" did not always mean "grey". Colour theorists suggest that the roan gene has never been present in the thoroughbred, thus, when the term "roan" is used to describe a coat colour it is generally assumed that the colour was actually grey, sabino or rabicano. The latter two are widely distributed throughout the breed.

Catherine Hayes (GB) 1853 Oaks Stakes	Liston (GB) 1827, 1828, 1829 Oxfordshire Stakes	Rhoda (GB) 1816 One Thousand Guineas Stakes